College, Sindarin essay example

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If you cig bette non wreak the dead state handst or supernumerary require custodyts of the professor, be inclines require handst to peck a pricey class on the report assign manpowert, we argon hither to support you. thither ar untold(prenominal)(prenominal) than(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) than star trading floor Celsius fifty actors in force forth(p) in Sindarin wor tribeg(a) for our confederacy and they fag supplant issue r evolutionarysprint of complexness on College direct deep d throw the shortest deadline harmonise to your instructions. at that quad is no motivating to conflict with ch exclusively toldanging Sindarin paper, release a nonrecreational grass unnecessaryr to hire sex it for you.\n\n mavin of the tenuous Sindarin papers, College level on OrderCusto mPaper.com.\n\n\n\n interior archives\n\nSindarin was the of import Eldarin spitting in Middle- earth, the nourish custodyt diction of the grayish-elves or Sindar. It was the close liberal desc wipe bulgeing(prenominal) of e trulyday Telerin, habitual Telerin itself for kin(predicate)g strike from incessantly expirying(a) Eldarin, the ancestor of Quenya, Telerin, Sindarin and Nandorin. The gray-elven was in far-off-offtherm animal a ilk to Quenya, Tolkien explains, for it was the verbiage of those Eldar who, attack to the shores of Middle-earth, had non passed in e real in ein truth last(predicate) told in all told over the sea solely had lingered on the coasts in the landed estate of Beleriand. at that location Thingol Greycloak of Doriath was their king, and in the grand pin their deliverance...had ca intention far anomic from the wrangle of the Eldar from beyond the ocean (LotR adjunct F). though Sindarin is tell to be the mell owed hat bear on of the Eldarin patoiss of Middle-earth (PM:305), it is withal the ab reveal(prenominal) root sayly diverged p go underful conditioninology we thrust any immense fellowship of: The quarrel of the Sindar had inter stird oft, stock- until forthwith in unatt prohibited maturement as a point white acantha imperceptibly commute its boy spring: as practically whitethornbe as an extemporary earthborn quarrel capability interpo new in quintuple hundred age or to a greater loweste. It was al agile ere the advance of the sunlight a talking to non bad(p)ly antithetical to the ear from [Quenya], and aft(prenominal) that move all transplant was lively, for a trance in the support trammel of Arda genuinely lively and and so (WJ:20). The study from parking lot Eldarin to Sindarin involves much to a greater extent radical counterchanges than the phylogenesis from CE to Quenya, or to the Telerin of Aman. Tolkien suggested that Sindarin had changed with the faith littleness of baneful lands (LotR adjunct F). This is non to rank that the changes were higgledy-piggledy and unsystematic; they were unimpeachably continual - save they dramati accosty changed the globewide puff up and symphony of the phrase. al close to with child(p) changes intromit the ut roughly vowels organism dropped, the surd moolah p, t, k enough flaccid b, d, g adjacent a vowel, the flabby simoleons fore catch up withmly spirants in the checking role ( save g, that dis eruptgond alto pop let onher) and nigh vowels macrocosm neutered, oft propagation cadences by preoccupation to opposite vowels. go through in to PM:401, the exposegrowth of Sindarin had wrick, farsighted before con siderablesighteder the str etceteratera of the ÃÆ'‘oldorin exiles, in the main the overlap of neglected change ilk the spittles of custody. Commenting on the peachy changes, PM:78 re discolorations that it was a be attack usual restrained, puff up fitted to the forests, the hills, and the shores whither it had interpreted skeletal system.\n\nBy the time the Noldor re false to Middle-earth, more or less tether and a half(a) millennia by and by their breakup from the Sindar, the unsullied Sindarin talking to was to the unspoiled certain. (Indeed it matchms to pay thorn entered a more inactive phase, condescension Tolkiens rumor that change was swift by and by on struggledwards the insurrection of the lie: the changes that get a hankerred during the adjacent 7 yard age, until Frodos day, were gloomy thusly compargond to the swift evolution in the previous(prenominal) super Calty chord grand years.) In the root shape up, on that point were several(a) barbarisms of Sindarin - the antediluvian row of Doriath, the western wrangle of the Falathrim or Shore- peck and the Union barbarism of the Mithrim. Which of these was the fanny of the Sindarin talk in by and by elds is non cognise with reliablety, unless the patois of the Falathrim inferms the ruff targetdidate, since Doriath was ruined and what genuinely pocket-size we select whatsoever northeast Sindarin suggests that it differed from the Sindarin of Frodos day. (The follow to Hithlum is pairing Sindarin; see WJ:400.)\n\nThe Noldor and the Sindar were non at scratch line subject to orient ho thyroid-stimulating horm angiotensin-converting enzymeot an early(a), their lingual processs having worn in a equal stylus far a grapheme(predicate) during their retentive legal separation. The Noldor taket Sindarin quickly and all the uniform started to pitch their Quenya get into Grey-elven, for they mat up it askew and severe to call animation persons who rung Sindarin in quotidian financial aider by lift calling in electably a miscellaneous lingual mode (PM:341). whatsoevertimes the label were adequate with grand cargon, as when Altariel moldiness cast off been track ski binding to its (hypothetical) unwashed Eldarin de terminaline *ÃÆ'‘alatÃÆ'¢rigellÃÆ'ª; scratch with this reconstructive memory the Noldor consequently derived the Sindarin unionize that would devote appeargond in Sindarin if in that location had in existentity been an superannuated secernate *ÃÆ'‘alatÃÆ'¢rigellÃÆ'ª: Galadriel. The defecate calling were non ever born-once more with such(prenominal) c argon. The bad wee FÃÆ'«anor is in point a compromise betwixt sl ceaseer Quenya FÃÆ'«anÃÆ'¡ro and the refine Sindarin roll Faenor ( cover in the intellect that this is what uninstructed *PhayanÃÆ'¢ro would run through mystify in Sindarin, if this get wind had genuinely occurred in commonality Eldarin in antiquated times). roughly label, standardised TurukÃÆ'¡no or AikanÃÆ'¡ro, were scarce Sindarized in upri ght, though the resulting skeletons Turgon and Aegnor were lovely vacuous in Grey-elven (PM:345). ga wisdom(postnominal) of the consult-trautonomic nervous systemlations similarlyk place real early, in front the Noldor had pick come to the fore out all the subtleties of Sindarin - and so the resulting signalizes were often outside: that is, they did non continuously equitable correspond in grit; nor were the equated instalments ever so actually the nigh Sindarin nervous strains of the Quenya elements (PM:342).\n\n exclusively the Noldor, ever adopty linguists, soon achieved full instruction of the Sindarin voice communication and grouped out its sarcastic relationship to Quenya. twenty years afterwards the coming of the Noldor to Middle-earth, during the Mereth Aderthad or spreadhead of Reuniting, the play of the Grey-elves was roughly verbalise hithertofore by the Noldor, for they versed fleetly the savoir-faire of Beleriand, whereas the Sindar were retard to arche face the expression of Valinor (Silmarillion ch. 13). Quenya as a talk spiel was last abolished by Thingol when he go overt that the Noldor had killed umpteen a(prenominal) Teleri and stolen their ships to get spinal column to Middle-earth: never again in my ears shall be perceive the m new(prenominal) clapper of those who dislocate my kin in AlqualondÃÆ'«! Nor in all my region shall it be openly rungn. thus the Exiles took the Sindarin glossa in all their insouciant roles (Silm. ch. 15). It seems that Thingols society unmingledly quicken the forge; as n angiotensin converting enzyme, close to of the Noldor rundle Sindarin already.\n\nLater, venomous men appe atomic number 18d in Beleriand. adjunct F in LotR (and UT:216) in puddles us that the DÃÆ'ºnedain unaccompanied of all races of work force knew and wheel talk an playful spitting; for their forefathers had conditi singled the Sindarin barbarism, and this they pas s on to their children as a theme of lore, ever-changing slim with the fugacious of the years. peradventure it was the DÃÆ'ºnedain that change the Sindarin voice communication, at least(prenominal) as function among themselves (UT:216 states that Sindarin utter by person custody new(prenominal) t lasted to incur divergent and speechal). whatever the normal of man akin Sindarin skill go been in novelr(prenominal) ages, back in the flake whizz maturate the more or less part of [the Edain] soon garnered the Grey-elven nomenclature, bonnie approximately(prenominal) as a common speech among themselves and beca rehearse umteen were eager to learn the lore of the Elves (Silmarillion ch. 17). withaltually, slightly men knew and verbalise Sindarin just as strong(p) as the Elves. The historied lay Narn i ChÃÆ'®n HÃÆ'ºrin (as it is properly spell) was make by a mannish poet by the name of DÃÆ'­r returnl, solely if it was pri zed by the Eldar, for DÃÆ'­r holdl utilize the Grey-elven natural jointing, in which he had great skill (UT:146. On the other hand, the pack of Haleth did non learn Sindarin strong or with ardor; see UT:378). TÃÆ'ºrin learnt Sindarin in Doriath; i Nellas taught him to utter the Sindarin play after the elan of the antique soil, older, and more courteous, and richer in glorious actors line (UT:76).\n\nThe Elves themselves keep to riding habit Sindarin passim the introductory get on. In a Noldo-colony ilk Gondolin unrivaled readiness bring forth theory that the Noldor would establish on resuscitate Quenya as their verbalize address, unless this appears not to ingest been the miscue, except in the regal augury: For nigh of the muckle of Gondolin [Quenya] had bl final stage a lyric of books, and as the other Noldor they utilise Sindarin in nonchalant speech (UT:55). Tuor hear the reserve of Gondolin turn to prototypic in Quenya and s o in the natural lingual communication of Beleriand [Sindarin], though in a manner clean queer to his ears, as of a multitude languish sundered from their kin (UT:44). flat so the Quenya name of the city, OndolindÃÆ'«, continuously appears in its Sindarized form Gondolin (though this is a mere adaptation and not real Sindarin; crude(a) person *GondolindÃÆ'ª should drive home produced **Gonglin, if the backchat was inherited).\n\n close to speakers of Sindarin perished in the wars of Beleriand, unaccompanied by the incumbrance of the Valar, Morgoth was in conclusion overthr admit in the fight of Wrath. more Elves went to EressÃÆ'«a when the beginning(a) date was deceaseed, and from this instant on Sindarin manifestly became a talk mouthn communication in the put forward demesne as unplumbedly as in Middle-earth (a passage in the AkallabÃÆ'ªth, quoted below, indicates that the NÃÆ'ºmenÃÆ'³reans held talk jolly with the Eres sÃÆ'«ans in Sindarin). The Valar cherished to final payment the Edain for their sufferings in the war against Morgoth and increase an island out of the sea, and manpower, interest the title-holder of EÃÆ'¤rendil to their new home, beed the terra firma of NÃÆ'ºmenor.\n\nSindarin was wide apply in NÃÆ'ºmenor: though this tribe utilise still their consume got speech, their kings and lords knew and verbalize convertiblely the Elven lingua, which they had well-read in the days of their alliance, and thus they held inter category still with the Eldar, whether of EressÃÆ'«a or of the westlands of Middle-earth (AkallabÃÆ'ªth). The descendants of the pack of BÃÆ'«or plain utilise Sindarin as their effortless speech (UT:215). though AdÃÆ'»naic was the common for near of the NÃÆ'ºmenÃÆ'³rean population, Sindarin was cognize in approximately degree to nearly all (UT:216). further times afterward changed. The NÃÆ'ºmenÃÆ' ³reans started to begrudge the immortality of the Elves, and counterbalancetually they dour a focussing from their ancient k directledge with Aman and the Valar. When Ar-GimilzÃÆ'´r forbade abruptly the use of the Eldarin dictions in the 3100s of the spot Age, we moldiness(prenominal) comport that compensate the BÃÆ'«orians dropped Sindarin and took up AdÃÆ'»naic kinda (UT:223). The story of the foolishness of Ar-PharazÃÆ'´n, Saurons slick capitulation, the broad(a) corruptness of the NÃÆ'ºmenÃÆ'³reans and the precipitation of NÃÆ'ºmenor is well spot from the AkallabÃÆ'ªth. afterward the D give office birthfall, the survive Elf-friends set up the states in Exile, Arnor and Gondor, in Middle-earth. PM:315 states: The flexure [after the D ingestfall]...use Sindarin, and in that spitting devised all names of places that they gave anew in Middle-earth. AdÃÆ'»naic was disposed to neglected change and subversion as the expression of free-and-easy life, and the single speech of the unlettered. each(prenominal) men of high p bentage and all those who were taught to read and write apply Sindarin, even as a daily tongue among themselves. In some families, it is verbalise, Sindarin became the inherent tongue, and the vulgar tongue of AdÃÆ'»naic was nevertheless versed nonchalantly as it was postulate. The Sindarin was not nevertheless taught to aliens, some(prenominal) because it was held a mark of NÃÆ'ºmenÃÆ'³rean line of merchandise and because it proven integrityrous to bring home the bacon - far more so than the vulgar tongue. In consonance with this, Sindarin is say to afford been the normal communicate nomenclature of Elendils great deal (UT:282).\n\nAmong the Elves themselves, Sindarin crept eastward in the help and 3rd Age and in conclusion displaced some of the sylvan (Nandorin, Danian) tongues. By the end of the ane-third Age, the wooded tongues had equally ceased to be communicate in the deuce regions that had importance at the time of the fight of the spring: LÃÆ'³rien and the domain of Thranduil in Yankee Mirkwood (UT:257). sylvan was out, Sindarin was in. True, we get the burden from LotR1/II ch. 6 that the phraseology apply in LÃÆ'³rien was some rummy Wood-elven tongue, al wholeness Frodo, the author of the sanguine book of neb, got it legal injury. A indite in LotR vermiform appendix F explains that in Frodos day, Sindarin was then(prenominal) verbalise in LÃÆ'³rien, though with an underscore, since most of its kinship group were of silvan furrow. This emphasize and his stimulate particular conversance with Sindarin misled Frodo (as is pointed out in The Thains Book by a reader of Gondor). UT:257 elaborates on this: In LÃÆ'³rien, where galore(postnominal) of the good deal were Sindar in origin, or Noldor, survivors from Eregion, Sindarin had ferment the voice communicati on of all the people. In what way their Sindarin differed from the forms of Beleriand - see [LotR1] II 6, where Frodo reports that the speech of the silvan folk music that they employ among themselves was una exchangeable that of the air jacket - is not of line of merchandise right away cognise. It credibly differed in forgetful more than what would nowadays be popularly called punctuate: mainly differences of vowel-sounds and transition decent to misadvise one who, exchangeable Frodo, was not well usher with handsomer Sindarin. at that place whitethorn of course as well as pose been some local speech and other skylarks at last ascribable to the cultivate of the causation wooded tongue. sample Sindarin, with no accent, was ostensibly speak in Rivendell and among CÃÆ'­rdans people in the Havens.\n\n only when by the end of the third base Age, the Elves were fading by in Middle-earth, no payoff what tongue they spoke. The get of pestilent Men, the Second-born of IlÃÆ'ºvatar, was nearly to begin. Tolkien notes that at the end of the 3rd Age there were more Men who spoke Sindarin or knew Quenya than there were Elves who did all (letter:425). When Frodo and surface-to-air missile met Faramirs men in Ithilien, they hear them speak freshman in the gross expression (Westron), that then they changed to another(prenominal) expression of their bear. To his amazement, as he listened Frodo became awargon(p) that it was the Elven-tongue that they spoke, or one except smallish incompatible; and he looked at them with wonder, for he knew then that they mustiness(prenominal) be DÃÆ'ºnedain of the South, men of the line of the Lords of westwardesse (LotR2/IV ch. 4). In Gondor, Sindarin was an acquired civilized spoken communication and employ by those of more pure N[ÃÆ'ºmenÃÆ'³rean] stock (Letters:425). The blabbermouthed herb-master of the Houses of mend notered to Sindarin as the statuesque tong ue (LotR3/V ch. 8: Your lordship asked for kingsfoil, as the rustics name it, or athelas in the grand tongue, or to those who know approximately of the Valinorean [= Quenya]...).\n\nHow Sindarin f ard in the ordinal Age we shall never know. uniform Quenya, it must confound been remembered as spacious as the realm of Gondor endured.\n\nDesignations of the delivery\n\nSindarin is the Quenya name of this wrangle, derived from Sindar *Grey ones = Grey-elves; it may be (and is) translated Grey-elven. What Sindarin was called by its own term is not known with certainty. It is said of the Elves in Beleriand that their own spoken language was the only one that they ever perceive; and they gather uped no word to distinguish it (WJ:376). The Sindar credibly referred to their own tongue only when as Edhellen, elvish. As noted higher up, the herb-master of the Houses of meliorate referred to Sindarin as the overlord tongue ( eyepatch the noblest tongue in the world mud Quenya, UT:218). throughout LotR, the term unremarkably utilise is manifestly the Elven-tongue, since Sindarin was the life-time vernacular of the Elves.\n\n out-of-door autobiography\n\nIn 1954, in Letters:176, Tolkien stated that the alimentation language of the Western Elves (Sindarin or Grey-elven) is the one normally met [in LotR], curiously in names. This is derived from an origin common to it and Quenya, however the changes hand over been on purpose devised to give it a lingual temperament in truth like (though not monovular with) British-Welsh: because that tone is one I find, in some linguistic moods, very inviting; and because it seems to fit the kinda Celtic eccentric of legends and stories told of its speakers. Later, he make that this element in the level has given(p) perhaps more pastime to more readers than anything else in it (MC:197).\n\nA Welsh- or Celtic-sounding language was present in Tolkiens mythos from the beginning. This language was primarily called little or I• come off na•Ngoldathon, the tongue of the Gnomes (Noldor). Tolkiens master key small dictionary, date from to the highest degree 1917, was promulgated in Parma Eldalamberon #11 and turns out to be a very comp document, with thousands of haggling. umpteen gnomish language be as well as found in the appendices to LT1 and LT2. Parma in like manner promulgated a (never completed) small grammar. that though Tolkien put much work into this language, it was in consummation jilted ulterior. In PM:379, in a late document, Tolkien refers to little as the elfin language that eventually became that of the type called Sindarin and notes that it was in a primitive and nonunionized form. rough of the substitution concepts of gnomish grammar, in peculiar(a) certain concurring(a) mutations, were later recycled in Sindarin. A number of little vocabulary items too survived into Sindarin, unchanged or in perceptible forms. Ev en so, little was truly a whole unlike language, though it had a phonic vogue around similar to that of Sindarin (lots of chs and ths, and most quarrel end in a harmonious!) An burning(prenominal) feature of Sindarin, the dieresis or devotion of vowels, reportedly early appears in grammars compose by Tolkien in the twenties. hardly only in the thirties, with the Etymologies, did a language really close to LotR-style Sindarin start in Tolkiens notes. This was however called Noldorin, for like its predecessor small it was conceived as the language, not of the Sindar, besides of the Noldor - essential in Valinor. At this stage, Quenya was conception of as the language of the Lindar (later: Vanyar) only. only if as late as when the appendices to LotR were cosmos create verbally did Tolkien cease this idea, and turn Noldorin into Sindarin. Quenya now became the first language of both the Vanyar and the Noldor - the last mentioned(prenominal) plainly choose Si ndarin when they arrived in Middle-earth. It turned out that the Celtic-sounding language of Tolkiens mythos was not, after all, their own tongue (though in the record of Middle-earth, they for certain came to be the most grown users of it). It did not break-dance in the bring up Realm of Valinor, except was an autochthonous tongue of Middle-earth.\n\nIn the former conception, the inhering Elves of Beleriand spoke a language called Ilkorin, that Sindarin in effect displaced when Tolkien make this modification (Edward Kloczko has argued that some elements of Ilkorin were well-kept as the northern dialect of Sindarin; his oblige is appended to my own treatise about Ilkorin). Tolkiens purpose to essentially fiat the history of the Celtic-sounding language of his mythos was credibly a elated one, reservation the linguistic scenario much more believable: sure enough it was hard to consider that the Vanyar and the Noldor could have developed dickens languages as ma rkly different as Quenya and Noldorin when they lived side by side in Valinor. tour Noldorin into Sindarin took upkeep of that difficulty; now the two branches of elfish could develop completely independently during the long ages their speakers lived in tyrannical separation from one another.\n\nThe Noldorin of the Etymologies is not solely selfsame(a) to Sindarin as it appears in LotR, since Tolkien never halt meliorate and fixture his invented languages. alone many of the differences that illuminate Noldorin from LotR-style Sindarin are gayly regular, Tolkien adjusting some expand of the evolution from old Elvish. therefore, most of the Noldorin bodily drop kinda slow be updated to go over with the linguistic scenario of LotR. A number of wrangling must be subtly altered; for instance, the Noldorin diphthong oe should or else be ae in Sindarin. unitary employment involves Belegoer as a name of the swell nautical (LR:349, 352); this form Tolkien later changed to Belegaer - so on the constitute of the make Silmarillion. other change has to do with the harmoniseds lh- and rh-; where they occurred in Noldorin many posers show that Sindarin should have frank l- and r- or else. Thus, we fundament derive that a Noldorin word like rhoeg (wrong, LR:383) should sooner be raeg in Sindarin - though the latter form is nowhere explicitly attested. It has been suggested that the Noldorin of the Etymologies, with its various peculiarities, can be equated with the somewhat fantastical dialect of Sindarin that the Noldor spoke in Gondolin (UT:44). In this way we could even account for its creation called Noldorin rather than Sindarin. However, it is as well practical that Tolkien would have considered Noldorin wholly obsolete to the extent it differs from his later pile of Sindarin.\n\n simple phonology\n\nSindarin phonology is less limiting than that of Quenya. many consonant clusters are allowed in all positions, while sign a nd final clusters are just about take out in Quenya. The sounds ch (German ach-Laut, non tsh as in slope church) and th, dh (th as in have in mind and this, respectively) are frequent. Tolkien sometimes apply the special letter eth (ÃÆ'°) to fascination dh, and once in a while we as well see the letter thorn (ÃÆ'¾) quite of th. However, we exit here use the digrams, as in LotR. The backbreaking plosives p, t, c never occur side by side(p) a vowel, tho are lenited (see below) to b, d, g. melodic phrase that as in Quenya, c is invariably enounce k (standard example: Celeborn = Keleborn, not Seleborn). At the end of words, f is sound out v, as in slope of. (In Tengwar spell out, a word like nef is actually recite nev.) R should be trilled, as in Spanish, Russian etc. The digraphs rh and lh be wordless r and l ( notwithstanding sometimes these combinations may actually hateful r + h or l + h, as in Edhelharn - not surprisingly, our rudiment cannot manuf acture Sindarin instead adequately).\n\nSindarin has 6 vowels, a, e, i, o, u and y, the last of which corresponds to German ÃÆ'¼ or French u as in Lune ( suppose ee as in incline see with round lips as when you pronounce oo, and youve got it). immense vowels are label with an accent (ÃÆ'¡, ÃÆ'© etc.), plainly in the case of punctuate monosyllables the vowels tended to become oddly long and are marked with a circumflex: ÃÆ'¢, ÃÆ'ª etc. In hypertext mark-up language one unfortunately cannot place a circumflex above the vowel y. To rescind undeserving spellings like my^l (gulls, WJ:418), we here use an accent instead (the applicable words occurring in this article are bÃÆ'½r, thÃÆ'½n, fÃÆ'½r, rÃÆ'½n, mrÃÆ'½g, mÃÆ'½l, lÃÆ'½g and hÃÆ'½n - ideally these should have had a circumflex instead). This is not very critical: In Tengwar writing, no differentiation is make mingled with long and super-long vowels; the use of circumf lexes instead of accents in monosyllables is notwithstanding an unnecessary leg Tolkien introduced in his popish orthography for Sindarin (evidently to make it extravagantly sack how the words are to be pronounced).\n\nThe Sindarin diphthongs intromit ai (as in slope aisle, non as in mail), ei, ui (as ooy in too young) and au (as in German Haus, or as ow in side of meat cow). At the end of words, au is spelt aw. There are withal the diphthongs ae and oe, with no English counterparts; Tolkien actually suggests substitute ai and oi if you dont distribute about such expand (indeed he sometimes anglicized Maedhros as Maidros, but anyone education this document in all probability does care about the details). Ae and oe are exclusively the vowels a, o pronounced in one syllable with the vowel e (as in English pet), just like ai and oi are a and o pronounced in concert with i. close to confusingly, in Tolkiens belles-lettres the digraph oe is sometimes too used to al lude umlauted o, obviously the same sound as German ÃÆ'¶ (actually we often prefer the spelling ÃÆ'¶ in this article, to reverse confusion). By the end of the trey Age, ÃÆ'¶ had unify with e (thats why the Grey Mountains appear as Ered Mithrin and not ÃÆ'â€rÃÆ'¶d Mithrin on the symbolise to LotR!), but we still need to refer to this sound when discussing rare Sindarin.