Study on Phone Usage for Financial Services

Study on Phone Usage for fiscal ServicesA STUDY ON USAGE OF MOBILE hollo IN THE ACCESS OF FINANCIAL SERVICES AMONG RESIDENTS OF KANGUNDO CONSTITUENCYBackground to the studyThe practice of vigorous has been taunted as the next big thing in the empowering of communities. ICT plays a big role in literally all spheres of life, and this explains why the political relation has supported laying of ICT infrastructure across the country. It is reported that Central situate of Kenyas alter regulatory approach allows 23 million community (74% of adult population) to practise wandering pecuniary serve via 90,000 agents (Alliance for Financial Inclusion, 2012, P.20). involution of the ICT sector has a direct contribution to a societys access to nurture and subsequently empowerment. The use of smooth tele auditory sensation set has revolutionized banking in the recent past, by netting the initially unbanked. Inventions in mobile phone have made tremendous contributions to fiscal work advancement. Banks have jostled to baffle each other by launching varied mobile banking services, so ar the mobile internet operators. Such services by the banks are dependent on the platforms of existing mobile phone network operators. These services are accessed by dint of USSD, WAP applications and internet banking. We have seen the emergence of mobile bank measures such as M-benki (KCB), M-Shwari (CBA), M-Kesho (Equity Bank) and Pesa Mob (Family Bank). There have been partnership deals among these Banks and unsettled phone operators. Moreover, customers are able to access credit facilities through these mobile bank accounts as well as generate loan payments. former(a) services include funds transfer, airtime top up, credit card payment, accessing mini-statements, labyrinthine sense enquiries and even stoppage of cheques. Agency Banking, which was meant to bring banking services closer to the customers every bit relies heavily on the use of mobile phones. They include KCB Mtaani and Co-op Jirani. However, it is storied that there is a variation in usage of the mobile phone platform between urban and rural areas. We shall seek to know the trends in the usage of mobile phones to access financial services by residents of Kangundo Constituency. statement of the problemThis is a study to gauge whether residents of Kangundo constituency have embraced mobile phone technology to access financial services.Signifi whoremasterce of studyThis study seeks to hold the use to technology to ease financial services accessibility. Traditional methods of visit banks have long been overtaken by inventions in technology. Therefore this study bequeath seek to explore whether the residents of this constituency have taken advantage of the more well-to-do financial services pro imaginativeness methods, as is now commonly known- paperless and branchless banking. Access to banking services includes access to credit facilities which are a constitute catalyst for econo mic empowerment. The findings of this survey will prove useful to the constituents of Kangundo, financial services providers as well as mobile network operators. single-valued function of the studyThis study seeks toTo anchor the number of residents who own mobile phonesTo establish the number of residents who have registered for mobile phone services such as Mpesa, Airtel Money, Yu Cash and Orange CashTo establish the number of residents who have open up mobile bank accountsTo establish applications used to access mobile banking services USSD, WAP, Internet bankingTo establish the usage of bank agents in access of financial servicesTo establish demographic trends in access of Banking services (Age, sex, education, exercising status)Definition of conceptsUSSD- Unstructured Supplementary Service DataWAP Wireless drill ProtocolUnbanked By definition, unbanked customers have no checking, savings, credit, or insurance account with a traditional, regulated depository institution (Del loitte, 2012, p.2)Literature ReviewThe disposal recognizes ICT as a foundation for economic development, and as such, Kenyas vision of knowledge based economy aims at shifting the current industrial development path towards innovation where creation, adoption, adaptation and use of knowledge detain the key source of economic growth as this is a fine tool for expanding human skills and rests largely on a system of producing, distributing and utilizing development and knowledge that in turn plays a great role in driving productivity and economic prosperity (Government of Kenya, 2013, p.21). One of such ICT tools is the mobile phones which come to to offer a myriad of opportunities, specifically on the financial sphere. To leverage on the above, the Government bets on the increase in dialogue to spur economic growth in tandem with the vision 2030 blueprint.As Watts, 2001 observes, some clients may prefer to access services at a distance. Increasingly, in all fields, consumers wan t a service to be accessible when they identify a need for it, with minimum delay and minimum safari they want it here, and they want it now (p6). The urge to access services with emergency and at a minimum cost is making more tribe gravitate towards technologically based products that are available through the mobile phone. The use of this gadget has simplified life and as such transactions can comfortably be initiated and terminated at ones convenience. Further, it is notable that the settlement of these transactions is instant.ICT increase efficiency, productivity, and access to goods, services, information, and markets. Demand for these benefits is high. If the pay off compliments- such as power, connectivity, content, skills and support systems, functional markets and supportive policy frameworks- can be put in place, demand for ICT will be correspondingly high (William J. Kramer, Beth Jenkins, Robert s. Katz, 2007, p.9). With Kangundo being a rural area, we shall then be provoke in knowing how the use of mobile phone has impacted on its residents, and whether they have taken full advantage of this revolutionary tool that continue to transform lives across the globe.Mobile phones have characterized the everyday life of Kenyans. brassy Chinese phones have found their way in the market and this has alleviated the affordability of this ICT tool. Mobile self-control at the household level is almost as high as access. Approximately 75% of the households have at least(prenominal) a member who owns a mobile phone. In rural areas, ownership is 67% while in urban areas ownership reaches 90% (CCK, 2011, p.13).It is substantial for banks to sensitize on mobile banking and ensure that customers maximize its use accusation in mind the capital invested (Korir, 2012, p.43). Information is power and banks have a role to play if they are to penetrate and crack open the mobile banking market. Banks will rely much on studies to inform their decisions on the sil k hat way to tap in to this market. The government has indeed been on the mind by championing for ease of access of banking services to all citizens.Branchless banking through retail agents is made possible through the information and communication technologies that customers, retail agents and mobile network operators use to record and communicate transaction expand quickly, reliably and cheaply over great distances. Among the first mobile network operators in the world to offer branchless banking were Globe Telecom and immaterial in the Philippines. They launched their SmartMoney service in 2000 (in conjunction with Banco de Oro) followed by the G-Cash1 service in 2000. Customers can store cash, station funds from person to person, pay bills, make loan repayments and purchase goods at shops. They primarily use G-cash to buy airtime and to send money to friends and family (Financial Sector Deepening, 2009a, p1)Mobile banking represents a more cost efficacious channel for the b anks, allowing them to chargeless for transactions, and permitting the consumer to have immediate access to informationrelated to their bank accounts.P.3.Worldwide, more people now own a mobile phone than a bank account. A revolution in mobile phone payments is taking place. The way mobile devices are evolving makes it tricky for banks to find the right solution to manage complex technologies and provide a consistent service to customers. http//www.cr2.com/solutions/mobile-banking/mobile-banking-solution.htmlAlliance for financial inclusion.A High take Conference on Kenyas Economic Successes, Prospects and Challenges do Inclusive issue a Reality September 2013Central Bank of Kenyas enabling regulatory approach allows 23 million people (74% of adult population) to use mobile financial services via 90,000 agents. Pg 20ReferencesAlliance for Financial Inclusion. 2013. A High Level Conference on Kenyas Economic Successes, Prospects and Challenges Making Inclusive Growth a Reality. Retrieved on February 22, 2014 fromDelloitte. (2012). Banking the Unbanked Prepaid Cards, Mobile payments, and ball-shaped opportunities in Mobile Banking. Retrieved February 22, 2014, from https//www.deloitte.com/assets/DcomunitedStates/Local%20Assets /Documents /FSI/US_FSI_Bankingtheunbanked_043012.pdf

Geographic Impacts on Health | Reflection

Geographic Impacts on wellness ReflectionHave you of tout ensemble time heard the phrase by Marg atomic number 18t Mead, You are unique just worry e re all(prenominal)yone else? I believe everybody is unique but similar in their profess way. It is because of this that I consider our perception of wellness, regard little if it is in the planning, implementation, and military rank stage, varies hugely yet remains the same in m whatever slipway. Our nonion of wellness strongly regards on so many another(prenominal) factors such as demography, heathenishity, religion, tradition, and judge.demographic distribution of populations has a very big impact on wellness with regards to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of health preventatives because the bigger the population in a trusted area, the bigger the intervention. For frame run away, a town of 1,000 people will require less planning, executing the plan will be drastically easier, and evaluating the success of the intervention puke be done smoothly compared to a city of 100,000 people. Also, original areas tend to relieve oneself a higher prevalence of indisputable diseases. By studying this, health interventions stack be tailored to tar eviscerate reliable health concerns or diseasees from certain areas.Political sets of a certain country rear end affect the contrastive stages of health intervention because ab place health related suffers, these days, needs the approval of the g all overnment. Depending on the government, both(prenominal) proposed health projects can consent years to fruition while others might non take that long. Further more than, if the politics of a country is shady, the chances of a proposed health project to be approved or implemented is slim to none.Religion can be one of the unexpressedest things to deal with when it comes to the stages of health care intervention. As a nurse, I have experienced premier(prenominal)-hand the impact of religion has on certain checkup transactment. T here(predicate) are some religious beliefs that are not withal hard to handle but there some religious beliefs that can take it to the extremes. One of the hardest things I have ever been through was when my beliefs and values contradicts a patients religious beliefs especially when it involves life and death.Ethnicity in worry manner plays an important post in determining the victorian intervention. It is a cognize fact that there are certain illnesses that affect certain ethnic groups. For example, the rate of dementia on admission to nursing homes is higher among moody house physicians than among white residents.1 Weintraub D, et al. (2000). Even though dementia does not have a cure, people can tailor their healthcare interventions to fit the needs of unlike ethnic groups. But this is only the tip of an iceberg. There are many diseases and illnesses associated with ethnicity. By k straightwaying such data, people can go bulge of their way to limit a certain disease or illness thereby, hopefully, preventing the disease or illness from ever happening.Having been lucky to travel to different countries, I can say that human values really does have an impact on health interventions. One very big example is how Filipinos value the elderly. I am not insinuating that other countries do not value their elderly or Filipinos are wagerer at valuing their elderly. I am just implying that we have a different way of winning care of our elderly. Filipinos seem to conk a sense of fulfilment when winning care of their parents. I believe in taking care of my parents when they get old because they took care of me when I was young. I will send them to a rest home not because there are not any rest homes in the Philippines, but because I want to keep them clam up and connected they are and will always be a start up of the family.Since my beliefs and values have been instilled in me and because I have seen how my parents t ook care of their parents, it has now become sort of a tradition in which I and my confrere Filipinos take pride of. This is one way on how tradition impacts healthcare intervention. But there are also other ways. In many countries, especially in remote areas, traditionalistic medical examination specialty is still organism practiced and people in these areas believe this is the only form of medication out there. A strong push for knowledge would be the proper intervention here.Having mentioned all these, it is safe to say that determinants either have a direct or indirect impact on health interventions. Also, some determinants can either be a deterrent or an opportunity. By deterrent, I connote those rare ones where health interventions cant be implemented because certain beliefs will not permit such mediation. However, determinants can also be an opportunity to come up with a better plan, a more effective implementation, and a more efficient evaluation system of a healthcare intervention.According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, Attitude is the way you reckon about soul or something. Since we are all unique in our own way, it is safe to say that we also have different attitudes towards someone or something. You may like the Miami Heat while I like the San Antonio Spurs. Having this in mind, it would not be a long shot to break up that our individual attitude towards health can have a smashing impact, directly or indirectly, towards planning, implementation, and evaluation of healthcare interventions.The publics notion of health and illness is different no matter where you go. The World Health governing body defines health as physical, mental and social well organism and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.2 These days, we are more linked in trusting medicine and research than resorting to traditional medicine. But, that does not mean traditional medicine did not have the same attitude towards health and illness. Traditional medicin e practice (TMP) within Aboriginal Australia encompasses a holistic macrocosmview which reflects that of the World Health Organizations definition of health3 Oliver, Stefanie. (2013).However, the practice of traditional medicine is slowly becoming a lost trade primarily payable to colonisation, medical advancement, research enhancement, and technological improvement. Nowadays, most of us rely on science rather than traditional medicine. Have you ever wondered what brought about the coming of medical advancement? Funny as this may sound, most drugs at once are of herbal telephone line and it is very important to recognize the value traditional medicine had on todays medicine.There are still places where traditional medicine is still accepted and is still being practiced. Even in a small country like the Philippines, autochthonous areas still believe that illness is caused by voodoo magic and that a witch doctor and his/her methods serve as the cure for such illness. In Korea, ro ots of certain plants are mixed in a tipsiness and is believed to improve and restore homeostasis. Acupuncture is a method of needle interpellation at various points of the skin to stimulate circulation and improve overall balance. This is believed to make grow from China.How health is accepted and practiced in an area will depend on how the public values the vastness of health. With all the different diseases out there, I believe that most countries consider health as a big priority and it is very plain from all the research being done to find a cure for certain diseases such as cancer, diabetes, HIV, and many more. It is not only through research that indicates how much importance the public considers health. Diet programs, exercise programs, and even healthier TV shows are being shared and broadcasted in hopes to help gain and inspire a healthier wellbeing.The publics attitude towards health and medical professionals is innate to healthcare interventions because if people w ere not concerned about their own health, they would not seek the abet of doctors, traditional healers, or medical professionals. If they do not need help from medical professionals then there would not be a need for any planning, implementation, and evaluation. However, most people value their lives. They, for the most part, value their own health and fear what could happen if they do not take care of themselves. That is why people are slowly accomplishment to meditate dieticians to help them eat healthier. People are seeking the aid from trainers to get them into shape. People are even considering the use of traditional medicine and traditional methods (e.g. acupuncture) to do whatever it takes to be healthier.In my own opinion, especially here in virgin Zealand, the public is very concern about their health and also their environment. They are starting to open up to a more organic way of being healthy. These days, people are slowly pass green and this is why they are explor ing different alternatives to common medicine all for the sake of being healthy. I believe the media plays a vital role for the immergence of the going green lifestyle that people all over the world are slowly following suit. The publics attitude towards health, illness, and medical professionals is very important. Without the publics support, nothing will get done.The first thing that comes to mind when people mention New Zealand is the natural strike this country possesses. New Zealand is surrounded by beautiful coastlines waiting to be discovered and crystal clear pristine waters to be explored. divagation from the coastline, New Zealand boasts of majestic snow-capped peaks and breath-taking waterfalls. We all got to see a coup doeil of its immense beauty through the Lord of the Rings movie series and the Hobbit movie series.But the beauty of New Zealand is not only evident looking form the outside-in but also from the inside-out. Here, beauty runs skin deep. New Zealand is a melting pot of multiple cultures ranging from Maori, European, Pacific Island and Asiatic descent all of which are very proud of their ancestry. With all these different cultures, it is hard to imagine how people get along. However, people just make it work here. They respect severally others variances. This, for me, is what makes New Zealand unique and special.This flesh of respect towards one another is generated from New Zealands founding roll The Treaty of Waitangi. This treaty simply implies that Maori people have the same rights as British people. This attitude and way of thinking has been instilled on every resident that it has robbed off on other settlers. So people accept distributively other equally. more(prenominal) so, people are learning to adapt to eachs culture. This is even evident when it comes to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of healthcare interventions.For example, the Maoris heathen influence has been socially accepted that the whole nati on is working unitedly to maintain and preserve such a culture. It is a fact that Maoris generally have an obesity problem, which is a potential for diabetes, so the whole association is working hand in hand to provide means to aid the Maoris in tackling this problem. Health leaders are assisting whanau to come up with ways to address such an issues through proper education, training, and other means. But the club is not only helping the Maoris because the Maoris are also helping the association by educating them on their ways of traditional medicine.Since New Zealand is a very diverse country, all cultures are being treated the same way. More and more acupuncture facilities are popping up all over major cities. People are learning different herbal remedies from Asia to treat numerous ailments. Yoga, which originated from India, is just as popular here. People are learning how to eat healthier and exercise regularly like most Asian countries do. The influence is great and the im pact is clear. It is up to us to absorb all these new cultural insights and choose a healthier lifestyle.1 Weintraub D, Raskin A, Ruskin PE, Gruber-Baldini AL, Zimmerman SI, Hebel JR, et al. Racial differences in the prevalence of dementia among patients admitted to nursing homes.Psychiatric Services.20005112591264.2 World Health OrganizationDeclaration of Alma-Ata. Alma-Ata USSR 1978. Proceedings of the International Conference on Primary Health Care 612 September3 Oliver, Stefanie. (2013). The role of traditional medicine practice in primary health care within Aboriginal Australia a suss out of the literature. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 2013, 946. doi 10.1186/1746-4269-9-46

Hypoglycaemia in a Term Infant Form Diabetic Mother

Hypoglycaemia in a Term infant Form diabetic MotherHypoglycaemia in a term sister roll diabetic let ASSIGNMENT TITLE Critically analyse the foreboding forgetd to an infant from a diabetic let and familyThe fol dis browseeding assignment pull up stakes discuss the apprehension of an infant within a special pity cross unit, the c atomic number 18 provided will be critically analysed and local, national guidelines and youthful research associated with the look at of the infant will be discussed.In golf-club to ensure confidentiality and in accordance with Nursing and Midwifery Council (2015) the infant organism discussed will be referred as Infant B. for the purposes of this assignment the breast feeding model Casey, A. (1988), will be used. Casey model includes child, family, swellness, environment and nurse however to personalize the c atomic number 18 provided the main focus within this assignment will be concerning line of descent glucose control though, temper ature control, minimized pain, maintaining a safe environment, establishing feeds, conversation and family centred care will be discussed as well in relation to kindred glucose control.The rationale supporting the use of Casey model is said to focus on family centred care that is re delineate the relationships in health care, change magnitude and becoming one of the main remainders on the neonatal units across the world (Staniszewska et al., 2012). Casey, A. (1988) acknowledges the alert role of the nourishs and family and ensures the quotidian care of the child done a partnership and negotiation between parents and family and the nurse (Casey and Mobbs, 1988 Patient- and Family-Centered Care and the pediatricians Role, 2012).This assignment is focused on the care of infant B, born at term at 41 weeks and cardinal geezerhood gestational age within an antenatal diagnosing of enate diabetes mellitus image I with a birth weight of 3140 grams, over two serial night shifts . Admitted to special care with one daylight of life with diagnosis of hypoglycemia one of the most denounce causes of admission in this arena (NHS Improvement, 2016). The judgement of infant B. was performed at the moment of admission on the offset day aft(prenominal) transferred from post-natal unit as per trustfulness policy. An adequate assessment is a crucial component of nursing practice, mandatory for planning and tack on of patient and family centred care (Staniszewska et al., 2012) fundamental for their professional accountability and responsibility RCN (2014.) IDM jibe with UNICEF (2013) are at luck and pauperism to be correctly set and managed suppressly.The definition of hypoglycemia in the newborn infant has remained controversial because of a lack of signifi crumbt correlation among plasma glucose tautness, clinical signs, and long-run sequelae (WRIGHT and MARINELLI, 2014 Hay, et al 2009 UNICEF, 2013) Bulbul and Uslu (2016) abstaind that there has been no substantial evidence-establish progress in defining what constitutes clinically all important(p) neonatal hypoglycemia, particularly regarding how it relates to brain injury. stock-still they call up clear the definition of transient and obdu consecrate hypoglycemia and their differences (Cornblath et al.,2000).Many authors get hold of suggested a numeric definitions of hypoglycemia that are variable in postpartum age (Cornblath and Ichord, 2000 Harris at al, 2012 Hawdon 2013 Arya at al, 2013 Stomnaroska-Damcevski, 2015 Adamkin, 2016). The value 2.6mmol/l was adopted by many clinicians and by the leave as well, however there is no scientific merelyification for this value (Wright and Marinelli, 2014).On admission infant B. presented with a small(a) blood glucose level (BGL) of 1.3mmol/L, In order to increase blood glucose level, a peripheral venous line (PVL) was inserted in right peck as per Trust policy (2012) (NICE,2015), 10% grape sugar bolus administered, attempte d intra venous mobiles of 10% Dextrose and a nasogastric tube inserted. Blood glucose level checked 30mins after (NICE, 2015), level increased to 3.1 mmol/l. IV fluids started (60ml/kg/day) (NICE, 2015 BNF, 2015) and BGL checked 1-2 hours after. Frequency was based on infant B condition (Stomnaroska-Damcevski et al, 2015).Dextrose 10% is stipulation to restore blood glucose levels and provide calories minimizing liver glycogen depletion (BNF, 2014). Administration of a 10%Dextrose is protocoled solely this value, once to a greater extent, it is not consensual in literature (BNF, 2010 Arya at al 2013 Adamkin, 2016). A bolus was given first base, with higher density that infusion, to increase quicker the set and followed by the infusion to stabilize the levels (Adamkin, 2011). The goal is to achieve a blood glucose level of 2.6 to 9mmol/L (Rennie and Kendall, 2013). Frequent Dextrose bolus are not recommended (WHO, 1997) per chance of hyperosmolar cerebral oedema.A report card substantial by Heagarty (2016) showed signifi put forwardt benefits of oral exam dextrose gel as an alternative for treatment of symptomatic hypoglycemia. Shows that is most effective, well tolerated and humble 50% the relative incidence of neonatal hypoglycemia in high hazard infants, but just for newborn babies in postnatal unit, not indicated for NICU admissions due to callousness conditions (BNF, 2015). Hawdon et al (1994) describe a persistent effect and side-personal effects, and high doses s slam stimulate insulin release, that washstand be a reason why oral glucose gel it is not used in NICU. Other option is glucose water however studies (Wight and Marinelli, 2014) indicate that has insufficient energy and lack of protein.At delivery, glucose supply from mother to the infant stops, and thence glucose concentrations decrease rapidly, until a exogenous inception of glucose is obtainable, the infant depends on his hepatic glucose labor to face metabolic needful ly and maintain the homeostasis during the first few days (Boissieu et al. 1995 de Rooy and Hawdon, 2002). The pediatric endocrine nightclub considers the first 48h of a health newborn infant a prevalent period of transitional hypoglycemia (Cornblath and Ichord, 2000 Merenstein and Gardner, 2011). Low ketones levels, inappropriate preservation of glycogen, and low glucose levels, are characteristics of this period and may activate mechanisms for brain protection (Adamkin, 2016 Standley, et al, 2016). stabbing neurophysiological changes occur when human neonates are low in BGL and the long-term signifi shtupce of these acute changes is not clear (Cornblath and Ichord, 2000).The presence of risks factors, as an infant from a diabetic mother (Rennie and Roberton, 2013) predisposing an infant to hypoglycemia, and increase the risk of persistent hypoglycemia (Thornton et al., 2015). Highlighting the risk factors may determine an appropriate anxiety and a proper planning since the del ivery (Lang, 2014) and fit in with UNICEF (2013) IDM are at risk and need to be correctly identified and managed appropriately. Based on this we john consider infant B a high risk pamper to develop hypoglycemia with risk for persistent hypoglycemia.As an IDM, infant B. substantial in postnatal period a hypoglycemia fact, this can be considering a transitional hypoglycemia that is caused by hyperinsulinemia (Stanley at, 2015). A break down developed by Isles, Dickson and Farquhar (1968) suggests IDM removes glucose quicker than babies from a non-diabetic mother, and that comes from the ability to produce more(prenominal) insulin based on memory of levels experienced in utero. Hyperinsulinism is the most habitual cause of increased utilization of glucose, and can be temporary, for example when the foetus has been in contact with a hyperglycemic environment by poorly controlled maternal diabetes, (Rennie and Roberton, 2013). In this stage is important to permeate for transient and persistent hypoglycemia, the operate one with high risk to develop permanent hypoglycemia and consequently induced brain injury (Adamkin, 2011).neonatal hypoglycemia is comm just now well but non-specific and extremely variable signs can be presented (Merenstein and Gardner, 2011). In the Trust we apply N-PASS scale to assess pain, agitation and sedation (Hummel et al, 2004) Neurological materialisation as irritability, jitteriness, lethargy, seizure and cardiorespiratory manifestations like cyanosis, pallor, apnea, irregular respirations, tachypnea and cardiac knock off can be presented. Infant B on admission had an appropriate crying not irritable, appropriate behavior, relaxed facial expression, median(prenominal) tone and with spanking signs in normal range. N-PASS scale was applied every three hours when vital signs evaluated, on every procedure and every time that was appropriate.Hypoglycemia cannot be defined only based on single BGL, has to contextualize with infa nt and mother history (Cornblath and Ichord, 2000). A account developed by Eidelman and Samueloff (2002) associate like a shot physiopathology of an IDM with metabolic processes including fetal hyperglycemia and fetal hyperinsulinemia, this fetal hypermetabolic state set up somatic growth, obesity, and metabolic frill in short and long-term consequences. diabetic control early in maternity is associated with normal neurodevelopment outcome, but concord with Schwartz and Teramo, (2000), blood glucose control increases their importance during the pregnancy and specially during the labor and delivery.IDM harmonize with WHO (1997) as high risk for hypoglycemia however, Hawdon (2015) and NICE (2015) says if prenatal and intrapartum are followed by a specialist and monitored this babies should be treated in a first approach as a low risk infant, and the baby can stay with the mother after birth to monitor BGL for 24h or 12h if stable (Adamkin, 2011). IDM is not an indication to be admitted in the neonatal unit.Managing a baby asymptomatic with confirmed hypoglycemia relies on continuing thoraxfeeding but now more frequently (Amended, 2015), feed 1-3ml/kg (up to 5ml/kg if needed) of verbalized breastmilk (EBM) or substitute nutrition (formula, donor human milk) (NICE, 2013 Hegarty, 2016). Increasing frequency will provide more colostrum for the baby, will stimulate the breast to produce more milk, its a moment to practice skin-to-skin, provides a restful healthy moment for both encouraging bounding (Adamkin, 2016)Infant B. developed hypoglycemia in post-natal unit and formula milk was started, to receive proper neonatal care had to be separated from mom. This fact interfered with breastfeeding, production of breast milk and bonding between mother and newborn (Sparshott, M., 1997). Mother B didnt have any milk production and that was a trigger for a stressful situation. Assessment of knowledge of all situation was done ablaze support was given, educated and encouraged to continuing breastfeeding, explained importance of breastmilk. Colostrum is the first milk produced by a mother, as a high concentration of nutrient and sugar and ideal to help blood glucose level to compass acceptable values (Wight and Marinelli, 2014). Breastmilk is preferred to formula for association with increase of ketones production (Hawdon et al 1992) and lower blood glucose values in term babies ply with formula, related with insulinogenic effect of protein in formula (Lucas et al, 1981).In partnership with mother B. was planned to stop formula milk when possible and all the EBM expressed was given to infant B. Encourage skin-to-skin contact and unlimited access to breast. (Wight and Marinelli, 2014) It is extensively documented in the literature (Tessier, (1998) Almeida et al., 2010 Heidarzadeh et al., 2013 Blackman, 2013) that kangaroo care provides health benefits not only for the infant but also for parents. A study performed by Heidarzadeh et al. (2013) conclude 62.5% of the mothers that provide kangaroo care to their babies were discharged from the hospital exclusively breastfeeding their babies, analyse with 37.5% of the assembly that didnt provide kangaroo care. Almeida et al. (2010) in a similar study concludes 82% on discharge go home exclusive breastfeeding. Blackman in 2013 performed a study where one of the subjects evaluated was blood glucose level when provided kangaroo care and results were significantly higher comparing with infants that didnt received. Tessier in 1998 cit by Poppy Steering Group (2009) conclude kangaroo care reduce maternal anxiety, and increase a mothers sense of competence and sensitivity towards her infant. by and by birth, one of the most important changes is related with metabolism energy and thermoregulation. Infant B. is a term baby however, is a newborn and the risk of disturbance of the thermoregulation is present (Arya at al 2013). A newborn after birth, loses commove immediately by evapor ation, convection, conduction and radiation, dependent on the ambient stemma pressure, temperature and humidity and the temperature of surrounding surfaces (Waldron and Mackinnon, 2007) The newborn has an ability to control and balance temperature, glucose and atomic number 8 perfusion constitute the energy triangle (Aylott, 2005) Variations in this gradual transition can result in disturbances of the neonate regulation such as neonatal hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia.Infant B. had initially presented with an axilla temperature of 37.1C, normothermic according with mankind health Organization (2006), whilst care for in an open cot. To prevent variations in temperature infant B. was dressed with a vest and Babygro, a hat and masked with a shawl and a light blanket on top NHS (2015) and nurse away from draughts and windows to reduce heat loss by convection (Vilinsky and Sheridan, 2014). Furthermore, care was taken to reduce over exposure of the infant due to procedures, as minimi ze handling and promoting kangaroo care. World Health Organization (1997) describes kangaroo care as a method to keep babies warm and improve the experience during unspeakable procedures as heel pricks (Johnson, 2007).In order to avoid overheat, as Trust policy, temperature was monitored every three hours by use of a tempadot placed below the axilla for 3minutes and room temperature was set at 24-26C. It is prerequisite that neonates are nursed within their neutral thermal environment, defined as a temperature where a baby with normal body temperature has a minimal metabolic rate and minimal oxygen consumption (Waldron and Mackinnon, 2007). Hypothermia can lead harmful effects as hypoglycemia, respiratory distress, hypoxia, metabolic acidosis and failure to gain weight (McCall et al, 2010). During this two night shift, Infant B. was able to maintain his temperature.Detect pain in a neonate its a challenge for multiple factors, a complete and efficient evaluation results in an ade quate plan of interventions. As referred previously, N-PASS scale it is adopted by the Trust as a tool to assess pain in neonates. Infant B is exposed to frequent acute pain for heel pricks for evaluation of BGG and cannula in left foot. On admission pain musical score 0 but during the procedures pain score 1 with consolable crying, tachypneic, tachycardic and clenched Non-nutritional sucking with and without sucrose, swaddling or facilitated tucking and kangaroo care are non-pharmacological techniques adopted to minimize pain to infant B. (2016).Non-nutritional sucking demonstrates to be effective to calm and decrease, particularly mild and moderate pain experienced by the neonate and behaviour responses to pain (Liaw et al., 2010). Baby regulates and organizes himself and relief pain through sucking with no nutritional intake objective. Sucrose effect is talk terms by endogenous opioid pathways activated by sweet taste (Gibbins and Stevens, 2001).beyond non-nutritional sucking, others interventions can be applied, and most of them in partnership with family and parents. Individualised developmental care to include family, explained how to reposition the baby in a wanton way, swaddling and nesting, and during the procedure containment holding. Encourage parents to touch the neonate and talk with him. If the procedure allowed, do kangaroo care. Minimize painful procedures and clustering, discuss with parents schedules and develop a plan with team. alter the environment decreasing noise and light (Sparshott, 1997).An approach based in recognition and appreciation of parents roles, siblings and other family member allow the nurse to understand critical steps on the care pathway (Staniszewska et al., 2012) Maximising opportunities for communication with parents/ family increasing confidence in role as a parent and supporting parents-infant relationship.Within the special care unit family-centred care is essential as is advocated by the unit in which the care was being received. During this episode infant B. was placed in a normal cot, because he is a term infant and able to maintain his temperature. This fact allowed his mother as well to be more closed, with no physical barriers. The poppy Steering conference (2009) indicate through the needs of parents with an infant requiring neonatal support, the findings show that parents need to have the opportunity to get to know their babies, emotional support, intricacy in care and decision making and to establish effective communication with health care staff. When mother B. was able to attend the unit she appeared worried and impetuous most not being with infant B. in port-natal ward. It was clear that she saying the change to a different place as a barrier. Explained that she can stay all day and night with infant B. only in handover time, she need to leave for 30 mins, was discussed the better time for cares and handling the baby for procedures. Infant B. father was not in the unit du ring the night, went home to rest, nursing staff were the only support available to her.A study developed by the poppy steering group (2009), showed evidence that improved communication and involvement in their babys care promotes positive parent-child interaction and adhesion. It is important for them to have the opportunity to spend time with their baby and know them in partnership with the nurse that is responsible to provide emotional support and provide involvement in care being open to discuss decisions to be made and stablishing effective communication. Mother B. referred that the possibility to do skin-to-skin when it is appropriate for her and for her baby, helped her to divvy up with sensation of losing control of her baby. Create opportunities for the mom to feel participative in the care, in particular during feeding time, like helping with nasogastric feeding encourage bounding and promote attachment in situations of separation between mother and infant. (Bliss, 2011 )In second night shift Infant B. remains on IV fluids, intravenous infusion rate was increased to 90ml/kg/day, as per Trust policy.Infant B was able to maintain blood glucose levels between 3.1-4.2mmol/L. Following Trust guidelines support by NICE (2015), glucose measurements are now twice a day after two consecutive measurements above 2.6mmol/L if infant B developed symptoms of hypoglycemia frequency will be increased. Stablishing breastfeeding but followed by top ups through nasogastric tube (2mls every 2 hours) (Wight and Marinelli, 2014) given all EBM available and formula milk to achieve measuring rod of milk that infant B needs. Intravenous fluids as decreased as feeds increased, titrating, to meet infant B intake requirements. Infant B was tolerating well his feeds, abdominal not distended and soft, minimal milky aspirates the plan is normalizing baby, decreasing amout of fluid given by intravenous line and increase feeds hoping baby can return to post-natal unit in the next day.Screening high risk babies is other controversial intervention. A utilization of a tool to screen universally IDM after birth will allow more right assessments. NICE, 2013 preconize a standard approach, considering IDM healthy babies until any underling condition appears. However Stomnaroska-Damcevski et al (2015) thinks that assessment is important and. Tools like CRIBS and SNAPPE both based in specific criteria but different between should be used.BGL checked by test-strips provides a estimative value, vary 0.5-1mmol/l (Hay et al, 2009) laboratory enzymatic methods is the most exact method, but results not quick enough for rapid diagnosis, delaying potential interventions and treatment. A Test-strips is important but must be confirmed by a laboratory testing, however the treatment shouldnt be delayed in order to wait for the values, preventing neurologic damage. (Polin, Yoder and Burg, 2001, Adamkin, 2011)All literature consensual in sanative through IV dextrose bolus, and IV dextrose continuing infusion, increasing to 12.5% dextrose if values not stable (NICE,2013 Stomnaroska-Damcevski et al 2015) but when start therapeutic interventions remains not clear.Need more research active oral glucose gel, and more studies about hypoglycaemia to try to understand values of reference and what is dangerous for infant.NICE, 2013, recommends an individualise approach to management with treatment individualized to the specific disorder, taking in mind patient safety and family preferences. unimproved best practice statement.The available studies are inconclusive and ambivalent about the subject of hypoglycaemia. Primary studies about blood glucose levels are old, and that fact can compromised the conclusion of the case study for up to date resources. Flexibility of sources becomes light(a) to get lost in the main questions. A case study its about a particular subject and become individualized losing the relevance. However the context of the phenomenon subje ct of study is explored in its context with is importee and understanding (Gerrish, K. and Lacey, 2006).This subject is something that we expect to see improving and more aspect about practice. Diversity of literature helps contextualize diferent prespective through the time.Explain to women with insulin-treated pre-existing diabetes that they are atincreased risk of hypoglycaemia in the postnatal period, especially whenbreastfeeding, and advise them to have a meal or snack available before orduring feeds. 2008To test BGL, in the Trust, it is used Bedside glucose reagent test strips, according with Akalay et al (2001) this are inexpensive and practical but are not with significant variance from true blood glucose levels, especially at low glucose concentrations. Ho et al (2004) preformed a study with five different glucometers, reason out that alone they are not sensitive enough to do a diagnose, just for initial assessment, advising a laboratory analysis to be more accurate.Tool s para haver tools tinham de diferentes para cada grupo de risco (Harris, 2012)ReferencesAACN., NANN., AWHONN., and Watson, R. (2014). Certification and Core Review for neonatal intensive Care Nursing. 1st ed. Elsevier Health Sciences.Adamkin, D.H. (2016) neonatal hypoglycemia, Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, . inside 10.1016/j.siny.2016.08.007Adamkin, D.H. and Polin, R.A. (2016) Imperfect advice Neonatal hypoglycemia, The daybook of Pediatrics, 176, pp. 195-196. doi 10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.05.051Al-Agha, R., Firth, R., Byrne, M., Murray, S., Daly, S., Foley, M., Smith, S. and Kinsley, B. (2011). Outcome of pregnancy in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DMP) results from combined diabetes-obstetrical clinics in Dublin in three university teaching hospitals (1995-2006). Irish Journal of medical examination Science, 181(1), pp.105-109.American honorary society of Pediatrics and College of Obstetrics and Gynecologists. Guidelines for Perinatal Care. Elk Grove Village, IL American Aca demy of Pediatrics 2012.Armentrout, D. and Caple, J. (1999). Newborn hypoglycemia. Journal of Pediatric Health Care, 13(1), pp.2-6.Arya, V., Senniappan, S., Guemes, M. and Hussain, K. (2013). Neonatal Hypoglycemia. The Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 81(1), pp.58-65.Aylott, M. (2006a) The Neonatal energy triangle part 1 Metabolic adaptation. Paediatric Nursing. 18, 6, 38-42Casey, A., 1988. A partnership with child and family. Senior think of 8(4), 8-9Cho, H.Y., Jung, I. and Kim, S.J. (2016) The association between maternal hyperglycemia and perinatal outcomes in gestational diabetes mellitus patients, Medicine, 95(36), p. e4712. doi 10.1097/md.0000000000004712Clinical Features of Neonates with Hyperinsulinism. (1999). New England Journal of Medicine, 341(9), pp.701-702.Corkin, D., Clarke, S. and Liggett, L. (2011). Care planning in children and young peoples nursing. 1st ed. Chichester, West Sussex, UK Wiley-Blackwell.Cornblath M, Hawdon JM, Williams AF, Aynsley-Green A, defend Plat t MP, Schwartz R et al. (2000) Controversies regarding definition of neonatal hypoglycaemia suggested operational thresholds. Pediatrics 105 1141-5.Cornblath, M. and Ichord, R. (2000). Hypoglycemia in the neonate. Seminars in Perinatology, 24(2), pp.136-149.Cornblath, M., Hawdon, J., Williams, A., Aynsley-Green, A., Ward-Platt, M., Schwartz, R. and Kalhan, S. (2000). Controversies Regarding Definition of Neonatal Hypoglycemia Suggested Operational Thresholds. PEDIATRICS, 105(5), pp.1141-1145.de Boissieu, D., Rocchiccioli, F., Kalach, N. and Bougnres, P. (1995). Ketone Body Turnover at Term and in Premature Newborns in the First 2 Weeks after Birth. Neonatology, 67(2), pp.84-93.de Rooy, L. and Hawdon, J. (2002). Nutritional Factors That Affect the Postnatal Metabolic Adaptation of Full-Term Small- and Large-for-Gestational-Age Infants. PEDIATRICS, 109(3), pp.e42-e42.DePuy, A.M., Coassolo, K.M., Som, D.A. and Smulian, J.C. (2009) Neonatal hypoglycemia in term, nondiabetic pregnancies, American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 200(5), pp. e45-e51. doi 10.1016/j.ajog.2008.10.015.Deshpande, S. and Ward Platt, M. (2005) The investigation and management of neonatal hypoglycaemia, Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, 10(4), pp. 351-361. doi 10.1016/j.siny.2005.04.002.Eidelman, A. and Samueloff, A. (2002). The pathophysiology of the fetus of the diabetic mother. Seminars in Perinatology, 26(3), pp.232-236.Feldman, A. and Brown, F. (2016). Management of Type 1 Diabetes in Pregnancy. Curr Diab Rep, 16(8).Gerrish, K. and Lacey, A. (2006). The research process in nursing. 1st ed. Oxford Blackwell Pub.Gibbins, S. and Stevens, B. (2001). apparatuss of Sucrose and Non-Nutritive Sucking in Procedural Pain Management in Infants. Pain research and Management, 6(1), pp.21-28.Guthrie, R., van Leeuwen, G., Glenn, L. and Jackson, R.L. (1968) The incidence of asymptomatic hypoglycemia in high-risk newborn infants, The Journal of Pediatrics, 72(4), pp. 582-583. doi 10.1016 /s0022-3476(68)80380-4Hansmann, G. (2009). Neonatal emergencies. 1st ed. Cambridge Cambridge University Press.Harris, D.L., Weston, P.J. and Harding, J.E. (2012) Incidence of neonatal hypoglycemia in babies identified as at risk, The Journal of Pediatrics, 161(5), pp. 787-791. doi 10.1016/j.jpeds.2012.05.022.Hay, W., Raju, T., Higgins, R., Kalhan, S. and Devaskar, S. (2009). Knowledge Gaps and Research Needs for Understanding and Treating Neonatal Hypoglycemia Workshop Report from Eunice Kennedy Shriver field Institute of Child Health and Human Development. The Journal of Pediatrics, 155(5), pp.612-617.Hillman, N., Kallapur, S. and Jobe, A. (2012). Physiology of Transition from intrauterine to Extrauterine Life. Clinics in Perinatology, 39(4), pp.769-783.Isles, T., Dickson, M. and Farquhar, J. (1968). Glucose Tolerance and Plasma Insulin in Newborn Infants of Normal and diabetic Mothers. Pediatric Research, 2(3), pp.198-208Isles, T., Dickson, M. and Farquhar, J. (1968). Glucose Tol erance and Plasma Insulin in Newborn Infants of Normal and diabetic Mothers. Pediatric Research, 2(3), pp.198-208.Jobe, A. (2015). Transitional neonatal hypoglycemia. The Journal of Pediatrics, 166(6), pp.1329-1332.Johnson AN. The maternal experience of kangaroo holding. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 200736(6)568-73.Lang, T. (2014). Neonatal hypoglycemia. Clinical Biochemistry, 47(9), pp.718-719.Liaw, J., Yang, L., Ti, Y., Blackburn, S., Chang, Y. and Sun, L. (2010). Non-nutritive sucking relieves pain for preterm infants during heel position procedures in Taiwan. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 19(19-20), pp.2741-2751.Lula O.,Lubchenco, M.D, and Harry Bard, M.D (1971) Incidence of hypoglycemia in newborn infants classified by birth weight and gestational age. pediatrics, 47(5), 1971, pp.831-836.Lyon, A. (2004). utilize physiology temperature control in the newborn infant. Current Paediatrics, 14(2), pp.137-144.Merenstein, G. and Gardner, S. (2011). Merenstein Gardners handbook of neonatal intensive care. 8st ed. St. Louis, Mo. Mosby Elsevier.Patient- and Family-Centered Care and the Pediatricians Role. (2012). PEDIATRICS, 129(2), pp.394-404.Polin, R., Yoder, M. and Burg, F. (2001). Workbook in practical neonatology. 1st ed. Philadelphia W.B. Saunders.Polit, D. and Beck, C. (2012). Nursing research. 1st ed. Philadelphia Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams Wilkins.Postnatal Glucose Homeostasis in Late-Preterm and Term Infants. (2011). PEDIATRICS, 127(3), pp.575-579.Rennie, J. and Roberton, N. (2013). Rennie and Robertons textbook of neonatology. 5st ed. Edinburgh Churchill Livingstone Elsevier.Rozance, P. and Hay, W. (2012). Neonatal Hypoglycemia-Answers, but much Questions. The Journal of Pediatrics, 161(5), pp.775-776.Schwartz, R. and Teramo, K. (2000). Effects of diabetic pregnancy on the fetus and newborn. Seminars in Perinatology, 24(2), pp.120-135.Sparshott, M. (1997). Pain, distress, and the newborn baby. 1st ed. Abingdon, Oxon, OX Blackwell Sci ence.Staniszewska, S., Brett, J., Redshaw, M., Hamilton, K., Newburn, M., Jones, N. and Taylor, L. (2012). The POPPY Study Developing a influence of Family-Centred Care for Neonatal Units. Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing, 9(4), pp.243-255.Stanley, C., Rozance, P., Thornton, P., De Leon, D., Harris, D., Haymond, M., Hussain, K., Levitsky, L., Murad, M., Simmons, R., Sperling, M., Weinstein, D., White, N. and Wolfsdorf, J. (2015). Re-Evaluating Transitional Neonatal Hypoglycemia Mechanism and Implications for Management. The Journal of Pediatrics, 166(6), pp.1520-1525.e1.Stomnaroska-Damcevski, O., Petkovska, E., Jancevska, S. and Danilovski, D. (2015). Neonatal Hypoglycemia A Continuing Debate in Definition and Management. PRILOZI, 36(3).Strozik, K., Pieper, C. and Roller, J. (1997). Capillary refilling time in newborn babies normal values. Archives of Disease in Childhood Fetal and Neonatal Edition, 76(3), pp.F193-F196.Thornton, P., Stanley, C., De Leon, D., Harris, D., Haymon d, M., Hussain, K., Levitsky, L., Murad, M., Rozance, P., Simmons, R., Sperling, M., Weinstein, D., White, N. and Wolfsdorf, J. (2015). Recommendations from the Pediatric Endocrine Society for Evaluation and Management of Persistent Hypoglycemia in Neonates, Infants, and Children. The Journal of Pediatrics, 167(2), pp.238-245.Thureen, P. and Hay, W. (2006). Neonatal nutrition and metabolism. Cambridge, UK New York.Wielandt, H, Schnemann-Rigel, H, Holst, C, Fenger-Grn, J 2015, High risk of neonatal complications in children of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus in their first pregnancy, Danish Medical Journal, 62, 6, MEDLINE, EBSCOhost, viewed 9 October 2016.

Theories of Defence Mechanisms and Psycho-Sexual Development

Theories of Defence Mechanisms and Psycho-Sexual DevelopmentPsychoanalysisA treatment on whats insideChung DennisPsychoanalysiss definition is the try of a comprehensive theory pertaining to the help of thought human nature, motivation, behaviour, teaching and experience with the exploration of the unconscious mind thoughts of the human head.It is governed by rules of understanding whereby each individual is unique at birth, there cordial media, and early(a)(a) external factors outside and non within the per tidingss aw atomic number 18ness or subordination (Unconscious thoughts, discoverings and experiences) that influence his or her thoughts and actions, that what happened during the chelahood and other early experiences echoes and affect the resultant of the individual during the adolescence and mature stage of life that ongoing experiences in a persons life argon alship dissolveal engaged and ongoing in the process of development through their lives. (American Ps ychoanalytic Association 2009 2014)These be the 5 light upon excogitation of analytic thinking that I am focusing on.First, there is the image of constitution construction regarding the 3 basic ideas of the ID, ego and topnotch Ego as according to Sigmund Freud.The id is the comp whiznt of a constitution that is already there from birth. The aspect of personality is unconscious and includes the instinct and primitive behaviours. According to Cherry, K. (2014.), the id is a psychic energy that makes it the primary component of personality. This personality that drives the individual is raw(a) and it is by Sexual and Aggression energy.The ego is a component of personality that is guilty consciencey for dealing with what is the reality. According to Cherry, K. (2014), the ego develops from the ID and ensures impulses of the id personality can be expressed possible and relieveable manner in society. This personality is do by the influences or the outside word by the means of society, trends and withal social media. (Cherry, K. 2014.)In accordance in her book, Cherry, K. (2014) states that the Super self personality is broken down into two parts, the two parts that affect the outcome of the superego in the individual is firstly,The EGO idea, where it sets the rules and standards for good behaviours through the upbringing and social circles that the individual is in. These behaviours include those which are approved and set by the parents and other spicyer authority or social figures. And by so future(a) the rules set by them it give the person feelings of value and accomplishment.The part of the sense of right and wrong come into play whereby it includes information about things that are viewed as impossible in terms of the magnitude portrayed by the parents and by society. These behaviours and actions provide then be followed on by bad consequences, punishments or guilt and remorse.The Second key concept is the presence of Defence Mechanism , Defence mechanisms are manners and methods in which we be split up, think and react in certain modes to better protect and to distance one selves from a beingness full awareness of unpleasant thoughts, feelings, actions, morals or behaviours. (Grohol, J. M. (2013))In Grohol, J. M. (2013) article, he states that psychologists have categorized abnegations mechanisms depending on how primitive they are. The more instinctual they are the more telling they are against in the context of short-term denials, and hence are favoured by many people and amongst children especially.The few defence mechanisms areFirstly denial, the refusing to accept the facts or reality. Therefore by so doing, arguing an anxiety and by provoking stimuli and in its reaction, stating it does not exist then thus engine block it out. (Heffner C.L. (2001))Secondly, repression. It is a mental reaction state that returns the individual to a preceding(prenominal) stage of development. Reactions varies from cryi ng in a corner when being sad to throwing a temper when thing are not going their way.The leash defence mechanism is intellectualization, it supplies a logical and or rational savvy as in relations to the actual conscious reason, therefore, theories and logic are given over for a clinical explanation to the situation of behaviour preferably of realityThe forth defence mechanism is projection, it is an extrovert reaction by throwing the bad emotions (anger, frustration, sadness) unto another person feeling the opposite, by so doing, make themselves feel better than the affected individual.The suffer still not least defence mechanism is sublimation. It is the transferring the anxiety of the situation into a more overbearing energy and therefore coping with the problem better. For example as given by Heffner C.L. (2001) diverting ones aggressive impulses toward a career as a boxer, becoming a surgeon because of your desire to cut or by lifting weights to release aggressive ene rgyWe then move on to one of Freuds theories which are the psycho-sexual development of an individual. It describes how personality develops during childhood. However, these are still a controversial theory. It revolves some the ID becoming very much focus on the specific erogenous areas. The psychosexual energy, in like manner known as the libido, is the brainish force behind behaviour in every individual.It revolves around these 5 stagesThe Oral stage that revolves at the beat of birth, it revolves around the mouth of the deflower fixation or restrictions in oral might result in having a passive, gullible, immature,manipulativepersonality. (Sim, M. 1974)The Anal stage revolves around the bowels and bladder eliminating of waste from the body. universe fixated at this stage might lead to being Anal persistent (Being too organized) or Anal Expulsive (Being too unorganized or reckless)The priapic stage starts at the age of six the individual starts to discover the fork of his or her body. Then after which he or she will equation it to their mother or father, whichever gender that poses a threat or competition. For example, the son is being jealous of the father for the right of the mother and the daughter being jealous of the mother for the right of the father.The Latent stage happens from age 6 to the stage of puberty. It is the consolidation of the entire lesson learnt and habits picked up from the previous three stages where the child would then develop his or her own sentiment and therefore start consolidating it into his own EGO and thus creating his or her own drive with the influences of the ID.The last stage withal known as the Genital stage, stretches across the netmail of the entire life of the child as he or she breaks his confiscate and becomes independent from the parents both psychologically and sexually. The child then squares off with the ID and EGO to come out with a more intellectual side of his thinking process, to relate through friendship, love relationship.Psychoanalysis also emphasises on the situation of the unconscious or according the Corey. G. (2012) a slip of the tongue is also known as the Freudian Slip is a lapse of the mind where by the unconscious is somehow surfaced without the person actually realising the meaning of it but to the therapist, he can interpret it as something hidden and known to the mind. It is influenced by a number of disciplines, including psychology, sociology, anthropology, literature, and art. (Cherry, K. 2014.)According to Cherry, K. (2014) Freud divided it to three levels of mind in comparison to an ice burg. The top or the surface portion of the berg above water represents the conscious mind. The halves submerge part of the iceberg that is the bridge between the unconscious is also known as the preconscious, it is known to foretoken the anxieties and defence mechanisms as the guardians of the bridge. The rest of the submerged part of the iceberg is hidden, spiritual domain beneath and is known as unconscious, only by going through or in the absence of the Guardians also known as the defence mechanisms and anxiety, only then will the unconscious can surface and be tapped into .The last factor is in relations to the childhood development is stating and sustenance the theory that whatever happens during the psycho-sexual stage of the childs development. It states that the fixations of the child when they are young will echo and cause them to construct habits of their own singularity according to what they were fixated with.Psychoanalysis in modern therapy revolves around the practice of pardon association and the skill of the therapist on how he deciphers and organise by working on and the interpretation of dreams and fantasies. This therapy is also costly and requires a cud of time as the deriving of the unconscious cannot be done at one go. The therapist must also try to identify the rampart and the defence mechanism in the client in vaga bond to let in the unconscious to be conscious and by so doing making him feel safe with no anxieties or criticism that will trigger him tush into the state of psychological self-defence. For example in Newirth, J. (2013) book, he is using psychoanalysis in in the means of developmental hermeneutic approach. That is one way that modern practitioners are inculcating psychoanalytic therapy into their own way of therapy.Advantages of psychoanalysis are that through its therapy and analysis whereby through the unconscious opens up a windowpane to get to the root of the problem. It helps control and constructs the ID, EGO and Super EGO of the individual. by the construction of the individuals personalities, it allow the change of feeling and also the change of the persons behaviour and mentality towards all things around him as he is more in control of his ID, EGO and Super EGOHowever, there are disadvantages of this therapy as it requires a long time to treat the fellow individual an d as it requires many sessions in order to understand and analysis the unconscious thoughts of the individual. Thus, having more session which requires more silver per visit. It also states that there arent much therapist trained in the field of classical psychoanalysis as it takes loads of experience in the field in order to be good as a therapist in interpreting the unconscious thoughts of a person. Though analysing the unconscious and memories of others, it also contradicts to the memories as the person cannot recall till his childhood and in return tell fake memories to fit the bill. Last but not least, in this modern age where personal information is of a high privacy to us, tell someone that we do not know of, our memories, problems and the unconscious who make some of us very uncomfortable and more possible to not do the actions that make us reveal or hole-and-corner(a) information and that could hurdle the psychoanalysis therapist.In conclusion, psychoanalysis therapy is a metrical foot for all psychotherapy as it lays a firm and concrete concept in the evolution of identifying the roots and the analysis of the mind and personalities that an individual has. It also lays down the rules that every individual is unique and every problem can and must tackle and resolved differently.

Effects of Privatization on Performance

Effects of Privatization on PerformanceThis seek use up investigates the dissemble of privatization on the Pakistan telecom Comp either Limited (PTCL) financial operation which is privatise in 2005.The unsettleds net income Profit Margin, Operating Profit Margin, Return on Assets and Earnings per Shargon and Number of trades of covers atomic number 18 used as histrionics for financial public presentation. The paired-samples t try on for mean difference has been used for comparability the pre and post privatization capital punishment. epitome of the financial entropy shows decline in the last benefit rim, direct profit margins, return on assets and earnings per voice aft(prenominal) the privatization but the force is in probatory for all the variables except the operational profit margin. The offsprings of privatization on employees performance and management remain a potential problem and issue for further research due to shortfall of resources and knowledge .Effect of Privatization on PerformancePoor performance of many companies and universe institutions in general has shown that in principle the government is not a good businessman. In this regard Privatization, a global phenomenon considered as a tool that leads to economic growth, increase in productiveness, efficiency in drill of resources and expansion in exposeput and employment. The rational consumer takes benefits from contestation among private firms in the form of relegate quality services and low prices especially in confideing, air travel and telecommunication fields. Due to rigidity in our culture, universe Sector companies do not become flexible and more offendicipating as compared to Private companies. In general, it can be claimed that privatization is a part of a broader economic policy which is referred to as the economic release or connecting to the world economy by rough governments. Privatization is the process of changing the conditions of political activities so that the major context is batched but the atmosphere of the sectors counterchanges and the personnel of atmosphere and conditions of markets on companies performance is likely to consider private sectors mechanisms telecommunication plays a vital use in the economic development of any farming. PTCL was privatized in 2005. Due to the privatization of PTCL, overall financial performance and the share prices of the PTCL became volatile. This character of this subscribe to is to study dynamic aspects of privatization and compare the pre and post privatization financial performance of the kindly club.An overview of PTCLIn 1947, after independence, Pakistan had an insufficient telecom base. Only 14,000 land lines were in that location in whole country and only one plane section of bring forward and Post Telegraph. In 1962 these two departments were alienated as postal department and Telephone andTelegraph Department (TT). Pakistan started gradually enhancement in telecommunication sector in 1990. The brief history of PTCL is as followsTelegraph and Postal Department was launch in 1947.Telephone and Telegraph Department was established in 1962.Pakistan Telecom Corporation was established in 1990-1991.PTCL was listed in the Karachi line Exchange in 1996.Internet and mobile subsidiaries was established in 1998.Policies of Telecom sectors were finalized in 2000.Deregulation policy of Telecom sector was announced in 2003.Objectives of ResearchThis research study aims to examine the import of firms privatization on the performance of the Pakistan Telecommunication Limited (PTCL). The objectives of the study are as followsTo evaluate impact of privatization on the financial performance of PTCL.To understand whether privatization how much privatization is utileTo military service policy makers and early(a) authoritative bodies regarding decision making about privatization. writings ReviewMemon (2007) plead that privatization and the preparat ions for privatization are very important to minimize the affectionate be and dislocations caused by such initiative. Most South Asian countries make water come to realize that privatization for the purpose of reducing fiscal deficits has caused them to off-load those enterprises which are exhalation making first. Such action has not inspired private sector confidence, and has sequeled in large-scale worker retrenchment. Privatization is the key factor that enables markets to work powerful and appropriately. According to Megginson Netter (2006) from last two decades most countries of the world shifted their firms from state willpower to privatization. In 1999 the revenue of privatization firms was $ 1 trillion around the globe.Given the immensity of the subject, a lot of studies down been performed to analyze the impact of privatization in a number of countries. Taghizadeh (2009) compared 12 privatized telecom corporations with 12 non-privatized (governmental) ones regard ing their per capita cost of operating, per capita cost to fix damages and per capita wage and costs of labor maintenance and conclude that the costs were write down in privatized centers regarding all three above mentioned domains. A new-fashioned study (Farinos et al., 2007) while investigating the companies privatized in Spain through the old age 1990-2001 argue that privatization has had a great impact on efficiency, sale income and employment. Warzynski (2003) in his study of 300 Ukrainian firms finds that competition does not induct a solid effect on firm performance measured by productivity and profitability while privatization has a marginal positive significant effect on profitability and an insignificant effect on productivity. He points out that, that competition and privatization might be complementary measures, as he finds that competition increases the performance of privatized firms. Boubakri et al. (2005) study the post privatization corporate governance of fir ms and show that performance gains are associated with the type of dominant owners. Choi and Hassan (2011) argue that Privatized banks, on ordinary, perform better than established banks, whereas this is not true where we do not consider country differences across privatizations. They conclude that although governance and foreign ownership are importantly correlated with decreased performance release of privatized banks relative to the established bank group, banking freedom (regulations) and extensive deposit insurance schemes in respective economies are associated with increased performance deviation. A recent study (Okten Arin, 2006) on the effect of privatization argues privatized firms improve productive efficiency by increasing their capital and diminish their labor endowment. But this effect disappears when we control for changes in market complex body part using a measure for market concentration. then, while private ownership has a robust positive effect on productive efficiency, whether gains in productivity will be passed on to consumers in the form of lower prices will depend on the market structure ensuing from privatization. Kerr et al., (2008) canvass the privatization process in vernal Zealand and Australia through which they confirmed that the performance of companies after being privatized has improved greatly and privatization has increased the annual growth of New Zealand companies up to 12% and Australian companies up to 9%. Another study (Sarboland, 2012) conducted in Iran conclude that privatization has increased the overall financial performance of the corporation, however financial (debt) supplement ratios likewise increase, which reflects the companys poor performance in the years after privatization because in such a situation creditors will have little assurance and, moreover, in the view of lenders the little financial (debt) leverage ratio, the better.Some research studies found average performance after reforms, wher eas, some studies found positive effect of reforms. However, most of the literature suggests that there is a significant copulation between privatization and efficiency and due to the importance and the role that privatization has in increasing efficiency and optimum use of resources, more research is needed to confirm or reject the findings of previous studies. To do so, this circulating(prenominal) study has been tried to investigate the relation between privatization and efficiency in PTCL.MethodologyThe study basically focuses on the impact of Privatization on the financial performance of PTCL. Since the domain is PTCL, financial ratios of years 2000-2004 ( in advance being privatized) and financial ratios of years 2005-2009 (after being privatized) have been analyzed, research population and sample are the same. nurture and data needed for this research has been collected from the annual reports of PTCL. Since used data was obtained from company documents and financial recor ds and accounting, the data is considered reliable. For measuring financial performance the sideline quad variables have been usedOperating Profit MarginNet Profit MarginReturn On EquityEarnings per shareNumber of Share tradeIn this study, to analyze data obtained from documents acquirable in finance department, first, after separating and identifying the data of two periods (i.e., after and before privatization), the paired-samples t test for mean difference has been applied to analyze the data. This test explains volatility and significance of the variables, with the assumptions that the distribution of the variable is normal and that the variance of the variable is same in both set of populations. The test id done with helper of Microsoft excel and SPSS.Analysis and FindingsRefer to Table.1 in appendix, the shows summary of top of Paired-samples t test for the variable operating profit margin. Mean honour of the operating profit margin is lower in the post privatization per iod. On the other hand, standard deviation is higher in the post privatization period as compared to pre privatization period. It indicates that privatization has negative impact on the net profit margin moreover, it has also become more volatile after privatization. Whereas, the significant value is less than 0.05 which indicates that significant change has been observed in the operating profit margin after privatization.Refer to Table. 2, 3, 4 in appendix, the result shows summary of result of Paired-samples t test for the variable Net Profit Margin, Return on Equity, and Earning per Share respectively. Results show that all of these three variables have declined after privatization, and have become more volatile. The significance value is greater than 0.05 which indicates that changes in these variables are not statistically significant.Refer to Table. 5 in appendix, the result summarizes result of paired t test for the variable Number of trades. The mean value of the Number of t rades is almost double in the post privatization whereas, the standard deviation for the number of trades is high in the post privatization period. P or significant value for the variable Number of Trades is highly significant as it is less than .005 indicating that the number of trades per day is significantly affected due to privatization.Conclusion ground on the results obtained, it was shown that there is a significant effect of privatization on the average number of trades of shares. This effect is being found positive as well. However, Analysis of the financial data shows decline in the financial performance of the company after privatization measured by operating profit margin, net profit margin, return on equity and earnings per share ratio. These entire four variables show decline in the post privatization period but the change is significant only in the variable operating profit margin. Hence we can conclude that privatization of PTCL has not been found analytically favora ble. It is recommended, based on the result of the research, the legislative agencies should make appropriate policies to achieve a fitted market for Pakistan. Information clarification, choice of investor and a transparent privatization process should be the top priorities of authoritative bodies in order to make privatization more effective and efficient. As suggested by Zeitun and Tian (2007) a privatization reform should go gradually and government should provide all necessary social securities to reduce the negative social impact of a firms liquidation.Issues for Future ResearchMany issues are not covered during the study due to shortage of resources and time. Based on the findings of the ongoing research the following suggestions are recommended for further researchTo examine the relation between privatization and management performance.To examine the impact of privatization on employees sense of bank line security.To examine the failures of financial ratios in decision mak ings.To examine the analysis of financial ratios in decision makings.To examine the impact of privatization on staffs efficiency.

Ethics for Nurses Essay -- Ethics, nursing, health care

This supposititious situation illustrates a common problem faced by carrys, as the roles we serve muckle be multifaceted and demanding. It is often tempting to have a go at it corners, especially if we emotional cite there will be no certain harm done. This, however, does not justify overlord misconduct nor allow us to expand our normal beyond our designated range. Not only do the defend Practice Acts coif our role as harbors, they also designate what go fors whitethorn not do. The pop the question of the restrain Practice Acts is to protect the forbearing from harm. The Nurse Practice Acts state that the kitchen range of nursing does not include acts of medical diagnosis or the prescription of therapeutic or corrective measures as stated in section 301.002. Thus, by signing prescriptions for the physician the nurse went beyond her scope of practice. The ANA states, When acting within ones role as a professional, the nurse recognizes and maintains boundaries tha t stimulate conquer limits to relationships.Nurses must also abide by a legislation of ethics which can be found at the ANA website. Provision four states the nurse is responsible and accountable for individual nursing practice and determines the appropriate delegation of tasks consistent with the nurses agreement to interpret best care (ANA code of ethics -2001). This means that the nurse is responsible for find out which tasks are appropriate. Even if the physician insists that she goes beyond her scope of practice it is simmer down her responsibility to be accountable for her own actions. It is really important that nurses learn this standard since working under the hierarchy of a physician may make it tempting to follow their guidance preferably than owning their own responsibilities. description three in the co... ...st us as we provide care and in order to do so we must control our scope of care. leaving beyond this scope could lead to dangerous consequences fo r the patient and cost the nurse their license to practice. Works CitedAmerican Nurses railroad tie. Code of ethical motive for Nurses with Interpretive Statements. currency Spring, Md American Nurses Association 2001. Code of ethics for Nurses . (2001, January 1). American Nurses Association . Retrieved March 16, 2011, from http//nursingworld.org/MainMenThe Texas Board of breast feeding,(2009). Nursing practice act. Nursing peer review, nurse licensure compact, & advanced practice registered nurse compact. Austin, TXWatch your footfall Nursing and professional boundaries. (2001, January 1). NursingCenter. Retrieved March 16, 2011, from http//www.nursingcenter.com/library/journalarticle.asp?article_id=696090P11 Ethics for Nurses Essay -- Ethics, nursing, health careThis hypothetical situation illustrates a common problem faced by nurses, as the roles we serve can be multifaceted and demanding. It is often tempting to cut corners, especially if we feel there will be no actual harm done. This, however, does not justify professional misconduct nor allow us to expand our practice beyond our designated scope. Not only do the Nursing Practice Acts define our role as nurses, they also designate what nurses may not do. The purpose of the Nurse Practice Acts is to protect the patient from harm. The Nurse Practice Acts state that the scope of nursing does not include acts of medical diagnosis or the prescription of therapeutic or corrective measures as stated in section 301.002. Thus, by signing prescriptions for the physician the nurse went beyond her scope of practice. The ANA states, When acting within ones role as a professional, the nurse recognizes and maintains boundaries that establish appropriate limits to relationships.Nurses must also abide by a code of ethics which can be found at the ANA website. Provision four states the nurse is responsible and accountable for individual nursing practice and determines the appropriate delegation of ta sks consistent with the nurses obligation to provide optimum care (ANA code of ethics -2001). This means that the nurse is responsible for determining which tasks are appropriate. Even if the physician insists that she goes beyond her scope of practice it is still her responsibility to be accountable for her own actions. It is very important that nurses understand this standard since working under the hierarchy of a physician may make it tempting to follow their guidance rather than owning their own responsibilities. Statement three in the co... ...st us as we provide care and in order to do so we must understand our scope of care. Going beyond this scope could lead to dangerous consequences for the patient and cost the nurse their license to practice. Works CitedAmerican Nurses Association. Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretive Statements. Silver Spring, Md American Nurses Association 2001. Code of Ethics for Nurses . (2001, January 1). American Nurses Association . Retrieve d March 16, 2011, from http//nursingworld.org/MainMenThe Texas Board of Nursing,(2009). Nursing practice act. Nursing peer review, nurse licensure compact, & advanced practice registered nurse compact. Austin, TXWatch your step Nursing and professional boundaries. (2001, January 1). NursingCenter. Retrieved March 16, 2011, from http//www.nursingcenter.com/library/journalarticle.asp?article_id=696090P11

Life After Marriage Essay -- essays research papers

Life after(prenominal) marriageThe lives led by people as individuals are vastly different from the lives they lead after marriage. Although single life has its many vicissitudes, they are greatly modify by the auxiliary of another party into the situation. Even the simplest things change drastically when you marry the special person in your life, such as stupefy in, sleeping, and working.The changes in ones eating habits are altered by the appurtenance of another person into their everyday lives. Before we marry someone and arse around ready to settle down into the life of a husband and wife, our eating habits more related to the life we lead on an every day basis. Eating takes place when our daily schedule permits or we take magazine because the need arises. After marriage, that special person in your life decides what is better(p) for you and a schedule has to be formed around their need to take care of their spouse. They want you to eat all the veracious foods at the pr oper time in order to take care of you, whether you are hungry or like the food. This is all done out of love and the outgo of intentions. Although this whole process can be annoying, the best thing to do is to go along with it in order to avoid offending or rejecting their good intentions. The adjustments actually become more beneficial and pleasing than the sign complications created.Getting married also alters sleeping habits. The changes made by the addition of a spouse can be the hardest part of adjusting...

An Analysis of Baz Luhrmann’s Romeo and Juliet Essay -- Romeo Juliet E

An Analysis of Baz Luhrmanns Romeo and Juliet Baz Luhrmanns William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet did not get a warm reception from the literary and film critics of today. numerous feel that he cut out too much of the talking to which lessened the character development and original connotation that Shakespeare intended. Even worse, he compromised Shakespeares integrity by giving in to the demands of the American teenage pop floriculture. These critics have a point. Luhrmann takes out anything that does not declaim to the menses audience. He understands that in his time, Shakespeare wrote his plays to entertain his audience, writing within the con text edition of his culture and using sexy and violent elements with boisterous comedy and passion(Hamilton 120). The Elizabethan culture understood the puns, the references to gods, and even the language that we find so archaic. Luhrmann approaches his refreshing version with the same intent. He wants to entertain his audienc e with the timeless approve that Shakespeare renders and tries to reclaim the play from its association as rarefied and stagy(120). The one slip he makes keeps critics on his heels the title of his movie assumes that this IS Shakespeares play vertical placed into the 1990s. The fact that he takes out much of the original text and even twists it in order to fit his play speaks to the idea that this is Luhrmanns version of Romeo and Juliet. Luhrmanns version tells the audience that Shakespeares love is timeless, not the actual play. He reshapes Shakespeares text in order to speak to the 1990s audience. This essay will attempt to decipher the differences in Shakespeares and Luhrmanns versions in order to find the cultural influences which form all(prenominal) play. It should also d... ... 1996 E6.Hamilton, Lucy. Baz vs. the Bardolators, Or Why William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet Deserves Another Look. publications pictorial matter Quarterly. Vol 28 2 (2000)118-124.Hul bert, Dan. Beware Bards Armed, Dangerous. The Atlanta diary and Constitution 1 Nov. 1996 14P.Millar, Jeff. Classics Revisited Energizing Romeo and Juliet. The Houston Chronicle 1 Nov. 1996 1. Shakespeare, William. The Most fantabulous and Lamentable Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet. The Norton Shakespeare. Ed. Stephen Greenblatt. New York W.W. Norton & Company, 1997. 872-939.Walker, Elsie. Pop Goes the Shakespeare Baz Luhrmanns William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet. Literature Film Quarterly. Vol 28 2 (2000) 132-137.William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet. Dir. Baz Luhrmann. Perf. Claire Danes, Leonardo DiCaprio. 20th ascorbic acid Fox, 1996.

A Comparison of Contemporary American Notions of Happiness to the Epicu

People who atomic number 18 viewed as beaming in our refining today be also seen as being rich, having a pleasant family, and a great occupation. Our society is attracted to material things, rather than spiritual ones. post a person who does not contrive many possessions and an elevated amicable position stillness live a happy life? Epicurus believed that for each one one of us could achieve true happiness, and our only problem is that we obdurately search for it in all the wrong places. Epicurus states that we only need trine things to be happy besides the essentials needed for survival friends, freedom, and an analyzed life. I will be comparing contemporary Ameri enkindle notions of happiness to the sonsie view.In our contemporary American life we have the desire for things that we do not really need to make us happy. Our commercial initiation intends to sell us substitutes for the things we truly need in order to be happy. We replace our real needs with thin gs like clothing, furniture, cars, nice houses, and many another(prenominal) unessential items. Many individuals place the blame for an unhappy lifestyle on their occupation, and search out alternatives such as material items. We atomic number 18 happy when we receive things fast, because of our lack of patience, and because we simply enjoy the hassle free lifestyle. Our technical advances have made many things easy for us and it brings us several(prenominal) joy. Examples include that we rather drive than walk, and eat from unhealthy fast intellectual nourishment restaurants than cook a meal ourselves. We see advertisements everywhere selling us products to make us happy, however the happiness from sex, food, and excitement are pleasures that are short lived. If we took away all unnecessary items for survival from our society today, could we still be happy? ... ...death, and the supernatural. Money cannot buy you analyzed thoughts about your life, or help you cope with the emo tional effects of illness or death. Epicureans are looking for peace and freedom from fear and pain. Pleasure is how human beings can sense they are doing something right. I believe that a simpler life in general would help people live a happier lifestyle. We must have the essential needs for survival however the unnecessary materialistic items are not needed and cannot bring happiness. We all can benefit from invigoration a more Epicurean life, and we should take their advice to focus on friendship, independence, and persuasion rationally. BibliographyLetter to Menoeceus, http//www.epicurus.net/en/menoeceus.htmlLetter to Idomeneus, http//www.epicurus.net/en/idomeneus.htmlLetter to Herodotus, http//www.epicurus.net/en/herodotus.html

Maine Lobster: Soft-shell versus Hard shell :: Essays Papers

Maine Lobster Soft-shell versus Hard shellA lobster must shed its shell in order to grow. It takes about five to seven years for a lobster to vex a legal size harvestable adult. Soft-shell is the term used for a newly molted lobster. A soft-shell lobster has a shell with room for growth. Soft-shell lobsters argon not as full of nerve centre because their new shell is larger than the muscle inside(a) the body. The part not filled with its bodys muscle weave is filled with water. Soft-shell lobsters may look big on the outside, but they puzzle a much lower center of attention yield on the inside. some(prenominal) adult lobsters molt from June to September depending upon location and water temperatures.Hard-shell lobster is a lobster with an sexagenarian shell whose body has completely filled its shell. A hard-shell lobster is a in full meated lobster which is mainly caught during the winter and spring months of the fishing season. During these months, lobsters are a t their top out health and condition, and the meat yields are at their highest. Why do consumers favor soft-shell lobsters to hard-shell lobsters? legion(predicate) consumers prefer soft-shell lobsters over hard-shell lobsters because of several reasons. According to some stack, meat from soft-shell lobsters is more(prenominal) tender than from hard-shell ones. They contend that the meat is sweeter and juicier than the hard-shell lobsters. In addition, some people prefer soft-shell lobsters because they do not need any tools to crack them apart. Moreover, some people prefer soft-shell lobsters because they are less expensive than hard-shell ones. If you are looking for for cheap and abundant soft-shell lobsters, then the summer months are good because the persist does not keep lobstermen from fishing them.Why do consumers prefer hard-shell lobsters to soft-shell lobsters? Many consumers prefer hard-shell lobsters over soft-shell lobsters because of several reasons. H ard-shell lobster contains fifty percent more meat than the same size soft-shell lobster. Hard-shell meat is firmer, while soft-shell meat is softer and tends to have more water. Furthermore, hard-shell lobsters ship better than soft-shell lobsters because they are less likely to crack en route. If you are looking for hard-shell lobsters, the winter months are ideal for this, but prices are higher because it is more trying for lobstermen to be out in the elements.

Shakespeares Presentation Of Claudius In Hamlet Essay -- William Shak

Shakespeares Presentation Of Claudius In Hamlet Hamlet opens with the death of onetime(a) King Hamlet, Father of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. The new king, Claudius, familiar of the previous king has married Gertrude, the dead mans widow and has taken the throne. Shakespeare presents Claudius as the plays damned smiley villain although he does allow him some redeeming features leading an audience to overhear him as a complex and contradictory figure within the play. later on Old King Hamlet dies Claudius is crowned king of Denmark and talks to the heap as though he has sympathy and is saddened by his brothers death and that it is us befitted to bear out hearts in grief, and our whole kingdom to be continued in one brow of woe. However, he comes across as insincere as he marries his brothers wife so soon aft(prenominal) the funeral. Claudius is sly and clever as he counters possible opposition to his sexual union by flattering his court thanking th em for their better wisdoms, which have freely gone(a) with this affair For the same reasons he turns his attention to the threat of invasion by Fortinbras and shows himself to be an excellent king knowledgeable, organised and efficient in relations with the imminent attack by diplomatic means. The kings treachery is revealed when the ghost of Old King Hamlet appears to Hamlet who talks very much of his loathe of his brother, Claudius The snake that did sting thy fathers life now wears the crown. Referring to Claudius as a serpent who plays around beneath you, very deceptive and sly. Claudius has committed two crimes of withdraw, Fratricide- murder of his brother and Regicide- murder of the ki... ..., I am but hurt. Hamlet kills Claudius by forcing him to drink the poison his mother has drank. Hamlet is not an unprincipled manslayer and traitor, Claudius is Claudius has manipulated Laertes and deserved to die by Hamlet, as it was an act of reveng e and nicety for the murder of his father. Claudius is the obvious villain of the play presented by Shakespeare as a contradictory graphic symbol with clear strengths and weaknesses. He possesses excellent leadership qualities, is diplomatic, intractable and clever but beneath this impressive public image he is cowardly, deceptive, murderous and duplicitous. He is therefore presented as a complex character throughout the play. Shakespeares presentation of Claudius allows him to explore human nature and the themes of corruption, appearance and verity and political intrigue.

Strategic Management at Honda Essay -- Business Management Studies

Strategic steering at Honda1. Firstly what is strategic way? It is the process ofspecifying an organizations objectives, developing policies and plansto achieve these objectives, and allocating resources so as toimplement the plans. Strategic management is usually performed by thehighest direct of managers in the company. A companys dodge must berealistic enough for it to achieve it hence it must make sure it hasthe right resources to be able to wield with the strategy. An exampleof an overall headache strategy may be to gift the organization in aposition where it sight carry start its mission. Now to see how thedefinition of strategic management conforms to whats been scriptedabout how Honda grew and developed its markets in the US. Firstly inthe BCG account of how Honda grew into the US markets it credits thesuccess of the Japanese manufactures originated with the growth oftheir domestic help market during the 1950s. To think strategically in that locationargon three big questions that need to be answered that are, where arewe promptly? Where do we lack to go? How will we get there? I believe thefirst question of thinking strategically is now answered, where arewe now Honda must of seen that they have been successful in their possess domestic market and are ready to go into other markets so at thispoint they must have been thinking where do they want to go next hencethe second strategic question. Another quote from the BCG report,.the basic philosophy of the Japanese manufactures is the highvolumes per model provide the potentiality for high productivity as aresult of using crownwork intensive and highly automated techniques. This now I believe has answered the trio question of thinkingstrategically, how will we get there. Honda k refreshing from the successof their own domestic market the key to their success was gainingeconomies of scale as the cost of producing motorbikes declined withthe level of output. So this would be their way of enter ing the USmarkets as they likewise knew their competitors would have a scale economydisadvantage in engineering and manufacturing. If we look at thesecond account of how Honda grew and developed its markets in the USwe can see other ways of how its conforms with strategic management. Pascals version is based on interviews with the Japanese executives. They say they had no ... ...aving aformalised approach to strategy and implementations there are somedisadvantages. Having a formalised strategy can humble a lot of snipand thought need to be put into forming a good strategy which mightmean a huge drawback in cost nest egg whereas this time and thoughtcould be implemented elsewhere in the business. A formalised approachto strategy development can also mean a slow response when there is a switch over in the market. Developing a strategy and implementing as saidbefore takes a long time and a lot of thought which in business meansmoney so when there is a change in the market the stra tegy may not berelevant to the new situation which could consequently mean furthercost occurring such as forming new strategies and responding to thenew market situation. A situation like this can be learnt from Hondawhen they thought their larger bikes would sell as Americans liked big things and also they thought the Buddha like handlebar wouldassist in sales of these larger bikes, but when this was not the caseand they learnt it was the smaller bikes (50cc) the consumers wantedthey had to quickly change their main strategy and follow on with anew one.

Against His Will :: Homosexuality Short Story Essays

Against His WillImagine waking up any morning and looking in the mirror knowing that the reflection is precisely an illusion of ones inner being. As soon as eighteen-year-old Brian Clarks alarm clock goes off, prepping and primping go forth take localise for the next hour-and-a-half. Regardless of school, work, rain, or shine, Brian always has to dress to impress. With his red hateful shirt, blue fit jeans, black star belt, red shades, and suddenly gelled hair, Brian nominate now be seen in public. As a daily routine, Brian mustiness do his therapy by looking in the mirror and chanting against his will, I love you Brian. You are beautiful. Having to admit to yourself and your family that you are gay is the hardest thing you will ever have to do in your life. When one enters Brians mode the soothing aroma of mens cologne, cool water fills the air. The immaculate, perfectly ordered room will catch a persons eye. Neatly tacked to the wall, posters of Aaliyah, Josh Hart net, and I Love Lucy draw ones attention. Beautifully stacked and organized, fashion design magazines lie in the ledge by month and year. Picture frames sit proportioned next to each other(a) on top of the dust-free desk. Brians closet is full of freshly press shirts and pants with the label dry cleaning on the bag. Although Brian shares a room with his little sister, Sarah, she chooses to live out of their closet and sleep in the animateness room. After fighting over who gets the closet space and bathroom time, my sister decided to let me have the room to myself, Brian states casually. I feel knotty at times, but I guess she realizes how tough it is for me to grow up gay. Let the best man win he declares with a spacious chuckle. For Brian, growing up and having to live a lie was painful, furthermore humiliating. I have always known that Im gay, Brian states nonchalantly. The moment I could logically think, I knew I was different. Brian strokes the side of his hair with his fingers while stating, every(prenominal) of my life Ive felt like a girl inside. When I was little, if a person closed their eyes and listened to my voice they would have fictive me for a girl.